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Geographic Influences on the Uptake of Infant Immunisations: 1. Concepts, Models, and Aggregate Analyses

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  • M L Senior

    (Department of Geography, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, England)

  • S J New

    (Department of Applied Social Science, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England)

  • A C Gatrell

    (Department of Geography, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England)

  • B J Francis

    (Centre for Applied Statistics, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YF, England)

Abstract

This is the first of two papers in which the effects on the uptake of immunisation of transport, time—space, and gender-role constraints, among a wider range of influences, are assessed statistically. A critique of a paper by Jarman et al leads to the formulation of an improved conceptual and statistical framework for analyses of uptake. Within this framework, the possibility of explaining immunisation uptake by using readily available data at the District Health Authority scale is reevaluated. Results suggest that analyses solely at this highly aggregate scale are plagued by the statistical problem of overdispersion, and cannot provide reliable explanations of uptake. Rather, it is argued, disaggregate or, preferably, multilevel analyses are required. Such analyses form the subject matter of the second paper.

Suggested Citation

  • M L Senior & S J New & A C Gatrell & B J Francis, 1993. "Geographic Influences on the Uptake of Infant Immunisations: 1. Concepts, Models, and Aggregate Analyses," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 25(3), pages 425-436, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envira:v:25:y:1993:i:3:p:425-436
    DOI: 10.1068/a250425
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stuart J. Pocock & Derek G. Cook & Shirley A. A. Beresford, 1981. "Regression of Area Mortality Rates on Expalanatory Variables: What Weighting is Appropriate?," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 30(3), pages 286-295, November.
    2. Gatrell, Anthony C., 1986. "Immunization against whooping cough in Salford: A spatial analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 23(10), pages 1027-1032, January.
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