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Aid, Growth, Remittances and Carbon Emissions in Nepal

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  • Kishor Sharma
  • Badri Bhattarai
  • Salma Ahmed

Abstract

Using historical data from Nepal—one of the largest recipients of aid among South Asian countries—this paper investigates the link between foreign aid, growth, remittances and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The investigation of this issue is particularly important, as policy makers in the least developed countries are increasingly concerned about growing reliance on energy imports, particularly fossil fuels, and increasing CO2 emissions. Mounting energy consumption has not only made their economies vulnerable to environmental disasters and increased health costs, but also to external shocks due to frequent fluctuations in international market prices for petroleum products. Since available studies are largely based on cross-sectional data—which lump together countries with different characteristics— empirical evidence is contradictory. In-depth case studies of countries with different backgrounds would certainly provide better insights into the link between aid, growth, remittances and CO2 emissions, and contribute to ongoing policy dialogue. Our empirical results, based on an in-depth case study of Nepal, suggest that more foreign aid and remittances reduce CO2 emissions, whereas financial development and higher income increase CO2 emissions. These findings point to the importance of market mechanisms for regulating financial development and higher income to control CO2 emissions, without undermining competitiveness.

Suggested Citation

  • Kishor Sharma & Badri Bhattarai & Salma Ahmed, 2019. "Aid, Growth, Remittances and Carbon Emissions in Nepal," The Energy Journal, , vol. 40(1), pages 129-142, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:enejou:v:40:y:2019:i:1:p:129-142
    DOI: 10.5547/01956574.40.1.ksha
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Mallick, Hrushikesh & Mahalik, Mantu Kumar & Sadorsky, Perry, 2016. "The role of globalization on the recent evolution of energy demand in India: Implications for sustainable development," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 52-68.
    2. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Zeshan, Muhammad & Afza, Talat, 2012. "Is energy consumption effective to spur economic growth in Pakistan? New evidence from bounds test to level relationships and Granger causality tests," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 29(6), pages 2310-2319.
    3. Karen Fisher-Vanden, 2003. "The Effect of Market Reforms on Structural Change: Implications for Energy Use and Carbon Emissions in China," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Number 3), pages 27-62.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rongrong Li & Jiaqi Guo & Qiang Wang, 2024. "Evaluating the impact of official development assistance on ecological environments in agricultural and renewable energy sectors," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Lingxuan Zhang & Xiaomei Lian & Sana Ullah, 2024. "Remittance inflow and its impact on green growth in China: Economic and environmental implications of labor mobility," Energy & Environment, , vol. 35(5), pages 2846-2862, August.

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