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Modernizing Agriculture in Central Asia

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  • Richard Pomfret

Abstract

This article analyzes the prospects for agriculture in Central Asia up till 2050 and makes recommendations about what is needed to achieve the aspirational vision. Geography and climate favor two major export crops, cotton in the south and wheat in the north, but a pressing issue is the appropriate amount of area to be devoted to these crops and how to produce them efficiently; the answer will change as technological improvements are adopted, wages increase, and capital is substituted for labor, and as the water situation is affected by climate change and other factors. The traditional livestock sector that shrank drastically after 1991 could revive as incomes increase and diets change, and niche products could also be developed. The article is structured around these four subsectors (cotton, wheat, livestock, and niche products), but also recognizes the influence of national policies toward land, water, and rural development.

Suggested Citation

  • Richard Pomfret, 2016. "Modernizing Agriculture in Central Asia," Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, Emerging Markets Forum, vol. 8(2), pages 104-125, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:emeeco:v:8:y:2016:i:2:p:104-125
    DOI: 10.1177/0974910116634491
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pomfret, Richard, 2014. "Trade costs and agricultural trade in Central Asia," IAMO Discussion Papers 168931, Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO).
    2. World Bank, 2015. "World Development Indicators 2015," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 21634.
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    5. Bloch, Peter C., 2002. "Agrarian Reform In Uzbekistan And Other Central Asian Countries," Working Papers 12789, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Land Tenure Center.
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    8. Brooks, Jonathan, 2014. "Policy coherence and food security: The effects of OECD countries’ agricultural policies," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 88-94.
    9. Johan F.M. Swinnen & Anneleen Vandeplas & Miet Maertens, 2010. "Liberalization, Endogenous Institutions, and Growth: A Comparative Analysis of Agricultural Reforms in Africa, Asia, and Europe," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 24(3), pages 412-445, December.
    10. World Bank, 2009. "Bazaars and Trade Integration in CAREC Countries," World Bank Publications - Reports 18609, The World Bank Group.
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    12. LERMAN, Zvi, 2009. "Land reform, farm structure, and agricultural performance in CIS countries," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 316-326, June.
    13. Tilekeyev, Kanat, 2013. "Productivity Implications of Participation in Export Activities: The Case of Farmers in Talas Oblast of Kyrgyzstan," MPRA Paper 66717, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    16. Pomfret, Richard, 2002. "State-Directed Diffusion Of Technology: The Mechanization Of Cotton Harvesting In Soviet Central Asia," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 62(1), pages 170-188, March.
    17. Burkitbayeva, Saule & Kerr, William A., 2013. "The Accession of Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine to the WTO: What will it Mean for the World Trade in Wheat?," Commissioned Papers 158891, Canadian Agricultural Trade Policy Research Network.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Bekchanov, Maksud, 2024. "Conveyance efficiency and irrigation water productivity under varying water supply conditions in arid lowlands of Central Asia," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    2. Pomfret, Richard & Djanibekov, Nodir, 2022. "30 years of farm restructuring and water management reforms in Central Asia," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 8(1), pages 49-56.
    3. Lall, Somik V. & Lebrand, Mathilde, 2020. "Who wins, who loses? Understanding the spatially differentiated effects of the belt and road initiative," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    4. Yi Qin & Jiawen He & Miao Wei & Xixi Du, 2022. "Challenges Threatening Agricultural Sustainability in Central Asia: Status and Prospect," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-17, May.
    5. Vasilii Erokhin & Li Diao & Peiran Du, 2020. "Sustainability-Related Implications of Competitive Advantages in Agricultural Value Chains: Evidence from Central Asia—China Trade and Investment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-29, February.

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