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Chine-Malaisie (vue de Malaisie) : menace ou relation consensuelle inscrite dans la continuité ?

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  • Lafaye de Micheaux, Elsa

Abstract

Dans le contexte régional asiatique de montée en puissance chinoise, la Malaisie se rapproche de la Chine sur tous les plans : commerciaux, industriels, financiers, monétaires, éducatifs. Ce mouvement s’est traduit institutionnellement par un projet de partenariat stratégique global entre les deux pays en octobre 2013. Dans le cadre d’une asymétrie objective des rapports politiques, la Malaisie est consciente des risques de la plus grande proximité économique avec la Chine mais juge les avantages retirés plus importants que les éventuelles menaces. Le présent texte cherche à exposer méthodiquement les tenants et aboutissants de l’étroite relation entre la Malaisie et la Chine et à en analyser les effets politiques du point de vue malaisien. Vue de Kuala Lumpur, seule la question stratégique de la mer de Chine méridionale a un caractère sensible sans incidence néanmoins sur la haute valorisation politique de la relation Chine-Malaisie. Les rapports entre les deux pays prennent la forme d’une relation bilatérale d’État à État à tonalité positive inscrite dans la continuité depuis 1989. De son côté, la Chine n’occasionne pas d’interférences politiques dans la Malaisie pluriethnique à forte minorité chinoise : l’approfondissement des relations favorise moins l’ethnic business et la composante sino-malaisienne du pays, que les Malais et leur parti nationaliste conservateur, l’United Malays National Organization (UMNO), au pouvoir depuis l’Indépendance (1957). Malgré une opposition politique plus forte que jamais, on montre à partir d’entretiens qu’existe un consensus politique extrêmement large en Malaisie pour juger bénéfiques et stratégiques les rapports Malaisie-Chine. Quel que soit leur ancrage politique, il s’agit pour les Malaisiens d’une bien précieuse relation à entretenir comme telle sur la durée.

Suggested Citation

  • Lafaye de Micheaux, Elsa, 2014. "Chine-Malaisie (vue de Malaisie) : menace ou relation consensuelle inscrite dans la continuité ?," Revue de la Régulation - Capitalisme, institutions, pouvoirs, Association Recherche et Régulation, vol. 15.
  • Handle: RePEc:rvr:journl:2014:10760
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bernard Ganne & Yveline Lecler, 2009. "Asian Industrial Clusters : Global Competitiveness and New Policy Initiatives," Post-Print halshs-00356224, HAL.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Malaysia; China; bilateral cooperation; non interference; Yuan-Ringgit monetary integration; Ethnic business; Malasia; Chjina; cooperación bilaeral; no-interferencia; integración monetaria; Yuan-Ringgit; Ethnic Business; coopération bilatérale; non-interférence; intégration monétaire Yuan-Ringgit; Ethnic Business;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F2 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • O53 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Asia including Middle East

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