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The Problem Of Annual Occurrences Of Floods In Accra: An Integration Of Hydrological, Economic And Political Perspectives

Author

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  • Charles Y. OKYERE

    (University of Bonn, Walter-Flex-Str. 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany)

  • Yira YACOUBA

    (University of Bonn, Walter-Flex-Str. 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany)

  • Dominik GILGENBACH

    (University of Bonn, Walter-Flex-Str. 3, 53113 Bonn, Germany)

Abstract

Accra, the capital city of Ghana, like many cities in Africa (especially Sub-Saharan Africa) is vulnerable to natural hazards and disasters. The cause of natural disasters and hazards in Ghana has been mainly from water through flooding or stormy rain or drought, and bush fires. The occurrences of floods in Accra have become an annual event with severe consequences mostly felt by the urban poor. We present a brief discussion on the annual occurrences of floods in Accra, Ghana by adopting an integrated approach including hydrological, economic and political perspectives. The social and economic damage costs of floods in Accra and Ghana are presented and analyzed. Case study of recent types and causes of floods in Accra are presented. The weaknesses in the responses to the management of floods in Accra and Ghana are indicated. We also argue that for measures taken in dealing with the annual occurrences of floods in Accra to be effective, the hydrological, economic and political perspectives have to be integrated. The first measure should target the flood-prone areas and these should be proactive measures rather than reactive measures. Further, the impacts of floods are not evenly distributed with the worse affected areas and people being the slums and urban poor respectively. We conclude by making some recommendations to help improve the intervention options and protection measures available to policy makers in ensuring that Accra becomes a flood-free city and also highlights areas for future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Charles Y. OKYERE & Yira YACOUBA & Dominik GILGENBACH, 2013. "The Problem Of Annual Occurrences Of Floods In Accra: An Integration Of Hydrological, Economic And Political Perspectives," Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 8(2), pages 45-79, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:rom:terumm:v:8:y:2013:i:2:p:45-79
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Buckley, Robert M. & Mathema, Ashna S., 2007. "Is Accra a superstar city ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4453, The World Bank.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Hossain, Mohammad Khalid & Meng, Qingmin, 2020. "A fine-scale spatial analytics of the assessment and mapping of buildings and population at different risk levels of urban flood," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    3. Emmanuel Abeka & Felix A. Asante & Wolfram Laube & Samuel N. A. Codjoe, 2020. "Contested causes of flooding in poor urban areas in Accra, Ghana: an actor-oriented perspective," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 3033-3049, April.
    4. Clifford Amoako & Daniel Kweku Baah Inkoom, 2018. "The production of flood vulnerability in Accra, Ghana: Re-thinking flooding and informal urbanisation," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 55(13), pages 2903-2922, October.
    5. Raymond Seyeram Nkonu & Mary Antwi & Mark Amo-Boateng & Benjamin Wullobayi Dekongmen, 2023. "GIS-based multi-criteria analytical hierarchy process modelling for urban flood vulnerability analysis, Accra Metropolis," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 117(2), pages 1541-1568, June.

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