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Entrepreneurial Intentions and Entrepreneurial Motivation of South African Rural University Students

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  • Mmakgabo Justice Malebana

Abstract

Entrepreneurial motivation is vital in translating entrepreneurial intention into action. This paper investigates whether entrepreneurial role models, social valuation of entrepreneurship, perceived knowledge of entrepreneurial support and barriers to starting a business, entrepreneurial intention and its determinants are related to entrepreneurial motivation. The study integrates the theory of planned behaviour with environmental factors to determine the factors influencing entrepreneurial motivation among final year rural university students in the Limpopo province, South Africa. The study was carried out by means of a survey and included 329 final year students who were registered for various commerce degrees. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analysed by means of descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The findings indicate that entrepreneurial motivation has a significant correlation with entrepreneurial intention and its three determinants, social valuation of entrepreneurship, having entrepreneurial role models, knowledge of entrepreneurial support and perceived barriers to starting a business. The respondents were motivated by both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards and the need for independence. The results revealed that entrepreneurial intention, the attitude towards becoming an entrepreneur, subjective norms, social valuation of entrepreneurship, knowledge of entrepreneurial role models and entrepreneurial support have a significant influence on entrepreneurial motivation. This study is the first in South Africa to use theory of planned behaviour to investigate the factors that influence entrepreneurial motivation. The study contributes to the body of knowledge by shedding light into the impact of the social environment on entrepreneurial motivation in South Africa.

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  • Mmakgabo Justice Malebana, 2014. "Entrepreneurial Intentions and Entrepreneurial Motivation of South African Rural University Students," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 6(9), pages 709-726.
    • Handle: RePEc:rnd:arjebs:v:6:y:2014:i:9:p:709-726
    DOI: 10.22610/jebs.v6i9.531
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    2. Antonio Rafael Ramos-Rodríguez & José Aurelio Medina-Garrido & José Ruiz-Navarro, 2019. "Why not now? Intended timing in entrepreneurial intentions," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 15(4), pages 1221-1246, December.
    3. Clara Gieure Sastre & María Mar Benavides-Espinosa & Domingo Ribeiro-Soriano, 2022. "When intentions turn into action: pathways to successful firm performance," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 18(2), pages 733-751, June.
    4. Uche A. Osakede & Akanni O. Lawanson & Deborah A. Sobowale, 2017. "Entrepreneurial interest and academic performance in Nigeria: evidence from undergraduate students in the University of Ibadan," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 1-15, December.
    5. Nik Safiah Nik Abdullah* & Norazlina Abd Wahab & Selamah Maamor, 2018. "The Effect of Religious School as a Moderator between the Determinants and Participation in the Spiritual Activities," The Journal of Social Sciences Research, Academic Research Publishing Group, pages 167-176:6.
    6. Karani Beth Mbore, 2021. "Effect of entrepreneurship education on innovation capability of technical and vocational and education training (TVET) graduates in Kenya," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 10(3), pages 490-500, April.
    7. Renata Dana NIÞU-ANTONIE & Emõke-Szidónia FEDER, 2017. "Exploratory Study on Student’s Entrepreneurial Intentions in Developed and Emerging Countries," REVISTA DE MANAGEMENT COMPARAT INTERNATIONAL/REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL COMPARATIVE MANAGEMENT, Faculty of Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 18(1), pages 31-43, March.
    8. Martin Mabunda Baluku & Edward Bantu & Kathleen Otto, 2018. "Effect of Locus of Control on Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Self-Employment Intentions: The Moderating Role of Individualism," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 26(03), pages 251-283, September.
    9. El Houssain Bouichou & Tahirou Abdoulaye & Khalil Allali & Abdelghani Bouayad & Aziz Fadlaoui, 2021. "Entrepreneurial Intention among Rural Youth in Moroccan Agricultural Cooperatives: The Future of Rural Entrepreneurship," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-20, August.
    10. Nabil Al-Qadasi & Gongyi Zhang & Ibrahim Al-Jubari, 2021. "Attitude of youth towards self-employment: Evidence from university students in Yemen," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(9), pages 1-20, September.
    11. repec:idn:jimfjn:v:4:y:2018:i:1j:p:1-22 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. Sanawi M. Sharahiley, 2020. "Examining Entrepreneurial Intention of the Saudi Arabia’s University Students: Analyzing Alternative Integrated Research Model of TPB and EEM," Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, Springer;Global Institute of Flexible Systems Management, vol. 21(1), pages 67-84, March.
    13. Wang He & Liang Ding, 2023. "Rural Development and Entrepreneurship: Exploration of Entrepreneurial Intention in Rural Area Among Chinese University Students," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(3), pages 21582440231, September.
    14. Charisia Vlachou & Olga Iakovidou & Panagiota Sergaki & Georgios Menexes, 2021. "The Entrepreneurial Environment in Greek Rural Areas: The Entrepreneur’s Viewpoint," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-15, February.

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