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Une évaluation des dépenses fiscales et subventions dans le domaine de la capitalisation des entreprises

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  • Suret, Jean-Marc

    (Groupe de recherche sur l’information financière, Université Laval)

Abstract

Since 1976, the Québec Government started several programs of tax expenditures and a grants program to improve small business' capitalisation: the Programme d’aide à la capitalisation, the Sociétés de développement de l’entreprise québécoise or SODEQ, the Fonds de Solidarité des travailleurs du Québec and the development part of the Quebec Stocks Saving Plan. This paper presents a cost-benefit analysis of these programs. By the end of 1990, the accumulated value of the tax expenditures and grants is approximately $917.35 millions. The investors' opportunity loss is approximately $215 millions, as estimated by the difference between the observed market value of the investments as of december 1990 and the accumulated value of the net investment (without the tax credit). The programs increased the market value of small firms' equity by $569.8 millions. For the government, the cost by dollar of equity increase is between $1.13 and $5.85 depending upon the program. The total cost (for government and investors) is $1.99. We also studied the behavior of a sample of 270 firms which benefited from the programs. OnIy three can be seen as successful. More than 50% of the firms in this sample lost more than 80% of their initial value before the end of 1990. These results call for a close reexamination of the use of tax expenditures in the area of savings reallocation and small and medium firms capitalization. Depuis 1976, le gouvernement québécois a mis en place plusieurs programmes de subventions et de dépenses fiscales destinés à améliorer la capitalisation des entreprises : le Programme d’aide à la capitalisation, les Sociétés de développement de l’entreprise québécoise, le Fonds de solidarité des travailleurs du Québec et le volet « développement » du Régime d’épargne-actions du Québec. Nous proposons une analyse avantages-coûts de ces programmes. Le coût fiscal de ces programmes est estimé à 917,35 millions de $ lorsque les crédits sont accumulés au taux des obligations. La perte d’opportunité des investisseurs, qui est de l’ordre de 215 millions de $, constitue le coût social. Les programmes ont accru les fonds propres des entreprises de 569,8 millions de $. Pour le gouvernement, le coût par $ de capitalisation se situe en moyenne à 1,61 $. Il varie entre 1,13 et 5,85 $ en fonction du programme étudié. Si l’on tient également compte des coûts assumés par les investisseurs, on peut estimer le coût total par $ de capitalisation supplémentaire à 1,99 $ pour l’ensemble des programmes. Cette étude montre également que seulement 3 des entreprises financées dans le cadre de ces programmes ont été des succès (sur 270 cas étudiés), et que 50 % des titres financés ont perdu plus de 80 % de leur valeur initiale en décembre 1990. Ces résultats paraissent de nature à remettre en question l’intervention de l’État dans le domaine de la capitalisation des entreprises au moyen de dépenses fiscales.

Suggested Citation

  • Suret, Jean-Marc, 1993. "Une évaluation des dépenses fiscales et subventions dans le domaine de la capitalisation des entreprises," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 69(2), pages 17-40, juin.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:69:y:1993:i:2:p:17-40
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    1. Jeffrey I. Bernstein, 1986. "The Effect of Direct and Indirect Tax Incentives on Canadian Industrial R&D Expenditures," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 12(3), pages 438-448, September.
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