IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/rfh/bbejor/v13y2024i2p513-525.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Financial Development in the SAARC Region: Identifying Influential Factors

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Suhail Saleem

    (MPhil. Scholar, School of Economics, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan)

  • Asad Abbas

    (Lecturer in Economics, Department of Economics, COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus, Pakistan)

  • Dr Muhammad Ramzan Sheikh

    (Professor of Economics, School of Economics, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan)

  • Sana Sultan

    (Visiting Lecturer, School of Economics, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan)

Abstract

The study aims to explore the determinants of financial development in SAARC countries by using the panel data of eight SAARC countries over the time period 1990-2022. The study used the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) to determine the factors that affect financial development. The study used domestic credit to the private sector as a proxy to measure financial development as a dependent variable while independent variables are GDP per capita growth, trade, lending interest rate, gross domestic saving, GDP deflator, and broad money. The study has also applied Granger Causality analysis to determine the causal relationship between variables. The findings of the study indicate that lending interest rate and GDP deflator have a negative impact on domestic credit and GDP per capita growth, trade, gross domestic saving, and broad money have a positive impact on domestic credit. The study recommended that governments of these countries should promote trade openness, growth, saving and broad money to boost financial development. It is also suggested that policymakers should make policies to reduce the interest rate and inflation to promote financial development in SAARC countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Suhail Saleem & Asad Abbas & Dr Muhammad Ramzan Sheikh & Sana Sultan, 2024. "Financial Development in the SAARC Region: Identifying Influential Factors," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 13(2), pages 513-525.
  • Handle: RePEc:rfh:bbejor:v:13:y:2024:i:2:p:513-525
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.61506/01.00360
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://bbejournal.com/BBE/article/view/852/881
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://bbejournal.com/BBE/article/view/852
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/https://doi.org/10.61506/01.00360?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bittencourt, Manoel, 2011. "Inflation and financial development: Evidence from Brazil," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 91-99.
    2. Loayza, Norman V. & Ranciere, Romain, 2006. "Financial Development, Financial Fragility, and Growth," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 38(4), pages 1051-1076, June.
    3. Boikos, Spyridon & Panagiotidis, Theodore & Voucharas, Georgios, 2022. "Financial development, reforms and growth," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    4. Luc Laeven & Fabian Valencia, 2020. "Systemic Banking Crises Database II," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 68(2), pages 307-361, June.
    5. Ross Levine, 1997. "Financial Development and Economic Growth: Views and Agenda," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 35(2), pages 688-726, June.
    6. Sahoo, Pravakar & Dash, Ranjan Kumar, 2013. "Financial sector development and domestic savings in South Asia," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 388-397.
    7. David B. Gross, 2002. "An Empirical Analysis of Personal Bankruptcy and Delinquency," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 15(1), pages 319-347, March.
    8. Calderon, Cesar & Liu, Lin, 2003. "The direction of causality between financial development and economic growth," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(1), pages 321-334, October.
    9. Marc Audi & Marc Poulin & Amjad Ali, 2024. "Determinants of Business Freedom in Developing Countries: The Role of Institutional Development and Policy Mix," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 14(4), pages 188-199, July.
    10. Teshager Mazengia Asratie & David McMillan, 2021. "Determinants of financial development in Ethiopia: ARDL approach," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(1), pages 1963063-196, January.
    11. Rousseau, Peter L. & Yilmazkuday, Hakan, 2009. "Inflation, financial development, and growth: A trilateral analysis," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 310-324, December.
    12. Timothy W. Guinnane, 2001. "Delegated Monitors, Large and Small: The Development of Germany's Banking System, 1800-1914," Working Papers 835, Economic Growth Center, Yale University.
    13. Chakravarty, Satya R. & Pal, Rupayan, 2013. "Financial inclusion in India: An axiomatic approach," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 813-837.
    14. Yongfu Huang & Jonathan Temple, 2005. "Does external trade promote financial development?," Bristol Economics Discussion Papers 05/575, School of Economics, University of Bristol, UK.
    15. Madhu Sehrawat & A K Giri, 2015. "Financial development and income inequality in India: an application of ARDL approach," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 42(1), pages 64-81, January.
    16. Costas Lapavitsas & Ivan Mendieta-Muñoz, 2019. "The historic rise of financial profits in the U.S. economy," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(3), pages 443-468, July.
    17. Hamdi Khalfaoui, 2015. "The Determinants of Financial Development: Empirical Evidence from Developed and Developing Countries," Applied Economics and Finance, Redfame publishing, vol. 2(4), pages 1-9, November.
    18. Cherif, Mondher & Dreger, Christian, 2016. "Institutional Determinants of Financial Development in MENA countries," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 20(3), pages 670-680.
    19. Rousseau, Peter L. & Wachtel, Paul, 2002. "Inflation thresholds and the finance-growth nexus," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 21(6), pages 777-793, November.
    20. Do, Quy-Toan & Levchenko, Andrei A., 2004. "Trade and financial development," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3347, The World Bank.
    21. Ibrahim, Muazu & Sare, Yakubu Awudu, 2018. "Determinants of financial development in Africa: How robust is the interactive effect of trade openness and human capital?," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 18-26.
    22. Sajid Anwar & Lan Nguyen, 2011. "Financial development and economic growth in Vietnam," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 35(3), pages 348-360, July.
    23. Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Levine, Ross, 2008. "Finance and economic opportunity," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4468, The World Bank.
    24. Siong Hook Law & Muzafar Shah Habibullah, 2009. "The Determinants Of Financial Development: Institutions, Openness And Financial Liberalisation," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 77(1), pages 45-58, March.
    25. Yakubu, Ibrahim Nandom, 2022. "Exploring the Drivers of Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Interactive Effect of Globalization and Financial Development," MPRA Paper 115230, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    26. Rajan, Raghuram G. & Zingales, Luigi, 2003. "The great reversals: the politics of financial development in the twentieth century," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(1), pages 5-50, July.
    27. Kim, Dong-Hyeon & Lin, Shu-Chin, 2010. "Dynamic Relationship Between Inflation And Financial Development," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 14(3), pages 343-364, June.
    28. Ali, Amjad, 2022. "Foreign Debt, Financial Stability, Exchange Rate Volatility and Economic Growth in South Asian Countries," MPRA Paper 116328, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2022.
    29. Anwar, Sajid & Sun, Sizhong, 2011. "Financial development, foreign investment and economic growth in Malaysia," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 335-342, August.
    30. Ali, Amjad, 2022. "Financial Liberalization, Institutional Quality and Economic Growth Nexus: Panel Analysis of African Countries," MPRA Paper 116329, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2022.
    31. Kai Quan Zhang & Hsing Hung Chen, 2017. "Environmental Performance and Financing Decisions Impact on Sustainable Financial Development of Chinese Environmental Protection Enterprises," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-14, December.
    32. Jalilian, Hossein & Kirkpatrick, Colin, 2002. "Financial Development and Poverty Reduction in Developing Countries," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 7(2), pages 97-108, April.
    33. Ali, Amjad, 2022. "Determining Pakistan's Financial Dependency: The Role of Financial Globalization and Corruption," MPRA Paper 116097, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    34. Keith Blackburn & Victor T. Y. Hung, 1998. "A Theory of Growth, Financial Development and Trade," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 65(257), pages 107-124, February.
    35. Tim Congdon, 1989. "Credit, Broad Money and the Economy," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: David T. Llewellyn (ed.), Reflections on Money, chapter 4, pages 59-82, Palgrave Macmillan.
    36. Abdullah Mohammed Almalki & Khaled Ibrahim Batayneh, 2015. "The relationship between inflation and financial development in Saudi Arabia," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 49(6), pages 321-332, Special I.
    37. Agnieszka Gehringer, 2014. "Financial liberalisation, financial development and productivity growth: an overview," International Journal of Monetary Economics and Finance, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 7(1), pages 40-65.
    38. Ali, Amjad & Khokhar, Bilal & Sulehri, Fiaz Ahmad, 2023. "Financial Dimensions of Inflationary Pressure in Developing Countries: An In-depth Analysis of Policy Mix," MPRA Paper 119364, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    39. Christian-Lambert Nguena, 2019. "On financial innovation in developing countries: The determinants of mobile banking and financial development in Africa," Journal of Innovation Economics, De Boeck Université, vol. 0(2), pages 69-94.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Maryam Barzegar Marvasti & Somayeh Razzaghi, 2020. "Investigating the Determinants of Financial Development in OPEC Countries: An Application of Bayesian Model Averaging Approach," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(1), pages 342-352.
    2. Kizito Uyi Ehigiamusoe & Vinitha Guptan & Suresh Narayanan, 2021. "Rethinking the impact of GDP on financial development: Evidence from heterogeneous panels," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 33(1), pages 1-13, March.
    3. Ofori, Isaac K. & Quaidoo, Christopher & Ofori, Pamela E., 2021. "What Drives Financial Sector Development in Africa? Insights from Machine Learning," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, issue forthcomi.
    4. Kim, Dong-Hyeon & Lin, Shu-Chin & Suen, Yu-Bo, 2010. "Dynamic effects of trade openness on financial development," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 254-261, January.
    5. Muhammad Shahbaz & Hrushikesh Mallick & Mantu Kumar Mahalik & Shawkat Hammoudeh, 2018. "Is globalization detrimental to financial development? Further evidence from a very large emerging economy with significant orientation towards policies," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(6), pages 574-595, February.
    6. Chris Doucouliagos & Jakob de Haan & Jan-Egbert Sturm, 2022. "What drives financial development? A Meta-regression analysis [A new database of financial reforms]," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 74(3), pages 840-868.
    7. Kunofiwa Tsaurai, 2017. "Inflation Thresholds-Financial Development Nexus in South-Eastern Asian Emerging Markets," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 9(4), pages 14-24.
    8. Edgar Demetrio Tovar García, 2012. "Financial globalization and financial development in Latin America," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, August.
    9. Mohammed Ahmed, Abdullahi, 2019. "Financial Development and Central Bank Bilateral Currency Swaps: Is there Trade Effect?," MPRA Paper 109875, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 05 Aug 2019.
    10. Ho, Sin-Yu & Njindan Iyke, Bernard, 2018. "Short- and Long-term Impact of Trade Openness on Financial Development in Sub-Saharan Africa," MPRA Paper 84272, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Kizito Uyi Ehigiamusoe & Mohamad Shaharudin Samsurijan, 2021. "What matters for finance‐growth nexus? A critical survey of macroeconomic stability, institutions, financial and economic development," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(4), pages 5302-5320, October.
    12. Islam, Mollah Aminul & Liu, Haiyun & Khan, Muhammad Asif & Islam, Md Tariqul & Sultanuzzaman, Md Reza, 2021. "Does foreign direct investment deepen the financial system in Southeast Asian economies?," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    13. Ashraf, Badar Nadeem, 2018. "Do trade and financial openness matter for financial development? Bank-level evidence from emerging market economies," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 434-458.
    14. Çetin, Murat & Sarıgül, Sevgi Sümerli & Işık, Cem & Avcı, Pınar & Ahmad, Munir & Alvarado, Rafael, 2023. "The impact of natural resources, economic growth, savings, and current account balance on financial sector development: Theory and empirical evidence," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    15. Witness Nyasha Bandura & Temitope L. A. Leshoro, 2022. "Inflation And Financial Development In Sub-Saharan Africa," Economic Annals, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Belgrade, vol. 67(233), pages 85-112, April – J.
    16. Sulemana Mahawiya, 2015. "Financial sector development and threshold effect of inflation in ECOWAS and SADC: A Panel smooth transition regression approach," Working Papers 539, Economic Research Southern Africa.
    17. Joshua Cave & Kausik Chaudhuri & Subal C. Kumbhakar, 2020. "Do banking sector and stock market development matter for economic growth?," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 59(4), pages 1513-1535, October.
    18. Arayssi, Mahmoud & Fakih, Ali, 2017. "Finance–growth nexus in a changing political region: How important was the Arab Spring?," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 106-123.
    19. Aluko, Olufemi Adewale & Opoku, Eric Evans Osei, 2022. "The financial development impact of financial globalization revisited: A focus on OECD countries," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 13-29.
    20. Mohammed Ahmed, Abdullahi, 2019. "China’s Bilateral Currency Swap Agreement: Strategic Move to Foster Political and Financial Hegemony," MPRA Paper 109879, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 08 Oct 2019.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rfh:bbejor:v:13:y:2024:i:2:p:513-525. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Dr. Muhammad Irfan Chani (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/rffhlpk.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.