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Les pétrodollars. Une réserve liquide en voie d'assèchement

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  • Philippe Aroyo
  • Monique Fouet

Abstract

[fre] L'instabilité potentielle des pétrodollars avait suscité des craintes relatives à leur recyclage. Mais près de 40 % de ces capitaux ont été investis à moyen et long terme dans les pays industrialisés, les États- Unis accueillant à eux seuls la moitié de ces placements. Un montant équivalent a été déposé dans les banques occidentales, qui l'ont transformé en prêts à moyen et long terme. Le reste a été prêté aux organisations internationales ou directement aux PVD. La contraction des pétrodollars amorcée au début de 1982 s'est jusqu'à présent concentrée sur les dépôts dans les banques non américaines. Au cours des trimestres à venir, elle pourrait affecter les autres types de placement. Cela risque d'amplifier les mouvements de change plus que de réellement perturber les financements internationaux. [eng] As OPEC surpluses might have been volatile, their recycling was initiallly considered as difficult. But 40 % of these funds were invested in industrialised countries, predominantly in the United States (half of this subtotal). An equal amount was turned to short-term bank deposits which supported medium and long term loans. The remaining 20 % were lent to international organisations and LDC's. OPEC deficits appeared at the beginning of 1982. Up to now, their main counterpart has been a decline in bank deposits in non US banks. But other stocks might be diminished in the near future. The main risk attached to this development is an increase of exchange rate fluctuations rather than a disruption of international capital markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe Aroyo & Monique Fouet, 1985. "Les pétrodollars. Une réserve liquide en voie d'assèchement," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 10(1), pages 65-82.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1985_num_10_1_1010
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1985.1010
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1985.1010
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    1. Jacques Adda, 1986. "La baisse du prix du pétrole : quelles perspectives pour l'OPEP et quelles retombées pour le Tiers Monde ?," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 16(1), pages 115-150.

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