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L'immigration a-t-elle un effet sur les finances publiques ?

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  • Olivier Monso

Abstract

[eng] Does Immigration have an Effect on Public Finance ? . This paper tries to assess the impact on public finance of an immigrant coming to France. It enlightens the advantages of a dynamic approach, in which all taxes and social protection benefits are taken into account along the life cycle and illustrates in particular the potential contribution for public finance from young, qualified immigrant workers. The impact of immigration on public finance is difficult to determine, but whether positive or negative, its magnitude seems to be small. In the long run, the advantage coming from the fact that ages where people are on the labour force are strongly represented among new migrants is offset by the fact that they are less educated than young natives and form larger families, and principally because they have weaker employment rates and wages, controlling for education. Provided the methodological difficulties this method faces, it seems difficult to use it to inspire the migration policy. [fre] Cet article tente d'évaluer l'apport d'un immigré arrivant en France sur les finances publiques. Il met en lumière les atouts d'une approche dynamique, où l'ensemble des prélèvements et des prestations sont pris en compte le long du cycle de vie, et illustre en particulier l'apport potentiel, pour les finances publiques, de travailleurs jeunes et qualifiés venus de l'étranger. L'impact global de l'immigration sur les finances publiques est délicat à déterminer mais, positif ou négatif, il apparaît de faible ampleur. Dans le long terme, l'avantage représenté par la structure des migrations, représentant fortement les âges actifs, est contrebalancé par une qualification plus faible que les jeunes natifs, des familles de taille plus importante, et surtout, des taux d'emploi plus faibles et des salaires moins élevés, à niveaux d'études et d'expérience donnés. En raison, notamment, des obstacles méthodologiques auxquels elle est confrontée, il semble difficile d'utiliser cette méthode pour la mise en œuvre de la politique migratoire.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Monso, 2008. "L'immigration a-t-elle un effet sur les finances publiques ?," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 23(2), pages 3-56.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_2008_num_23_2_1665
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.2008.1665
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.2008.1665
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    Cited by:

    1. Cécile BATISSE & Nong ZHU, 2009. "L’effet des politiques sociales sur l’emploi des nouveaux immigrants à Montréal :une analyse longitudinale et conjoncturelle," Working Papers 200925, CERDI.
    2. Anthony Edo & Lionel Ragot & Hillel Rapoport & Sulin Sardoschau & Andreas Steinmayr, 2018. "The Effects of Immigration in Developed Countries: Insights from Recent Economic Research," CEPII Policy Brief 2018-22, CEPII research center.
    3. Xavier Chojnicki, 2013. "The Fiscal Impact of Immigration in France: A Generational Accounting Approach," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(8), pages 1065-1090, August.
    4. Nong Zhu & Cécile Batisse, 2011. "L'effet des politiques sociales sur l'emploi des nouveaux immigrants à Montréal :une analyse longitudinale et conjoncturelle," CERDI Working papers halshs-00554261, HAL.
    5. Ndeye Penda Sokhna & Lionel Ragot & Xavier Chojnicki, 2018. "The fiscal impact of 30 years of immigration in France: an accounting approach," EconomiX Working Papers 2018-36, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX.
    6. Nong Zhu & Cécile Batisse, 2011. "L'effet des politiques sociales sur l'emploi des nouveaux immigrants à Montréal :une analyse longitudinale et conjoncturelle," Working Papers halshs-00554261, HAL.

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