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Nécessité et justification

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  • Luc Boltanski

Abstract

[fre] Comment interpréter les relations souvent tendues qu'entretiennent l'économie et la sociologie ? Face au caractère peu convaincant des accusations qui peuvent s'échanger entre ces deux disciplines, nous proposerons l'idée suivante : sous-jacent à ces oppositions disciplinaires se trouverait un problème, tout à fait central dans les sciences sociales, qui est celui de la relation entre, d'une part, des constructions qui éloignent de leur système d'interprétation les motifs moraux et, d'autre part, des constructions qui, au contraire, leur sont attentives et entendent tenir compte de la façon dont les personnes se justifient ou, à l'inverse, se livrent à la critique. Dans cet article, nous tracerons à grands traits les lignes de partage entre différents courants des sciences sociales en fonction de ce principe de division, et nous examinerons certains des problèmes qui se posent à chacun d'eux. Nous présenterons enfin des pistes visant à rendre possible l'intégration dans un même cadre des approches qui mettent plutôt l'accent sur le poids de la nécessité et des approches qui se veulent attentives aux exigences de justification. [eng] How to understand the frequently conflicting relationships between sociology and economy? Noticing that the accusations which are exchanged from one discipline to the other are most often unconvincing, we will propose the following interpretation: underlying these oppositions one can identify a problem, which lies ai the very heart of the social sciences. This problem is related to the tensions between, on the one hand, frames of analysis which don't take into account the moral motives put forward by the actors and, on the other hand, f rames which, at the opposite, are bent on integrating the way people justify themselves or develop criticisms. In this paper, we will outline the boundaries between different programs in the social sciences, according to that scheme of interpretation, and some of the problems which they are compelled to tackle. Finally, we will propose some paths aiming at integrating into a single frame the approaches which lay stress on a compelling necessity and the approaches which whish to bring attention to the moral justifications delivered by the actors themselves.

Suggested Citation

  • Luc Boltanski, 2002. "Nécessité et justification," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 53(2), pages 275-289.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_2002_num_53_2_410405
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    Cited by:

    1. Carlos Ramirez, 2013. "‘We are being Pilloried for Something, We Did Not Even Know We Had Done Wrong!’ Quality Control and Orders of Worth in the British Audit Profession," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 50(5), pages 845-869, July.

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