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Egalité des revenus, inflation et stagflation

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  • Philippe Robert

Abstract

[eng] Income equal1ty, inflation and stagflation . Inflation and still more stagflation are the main plague of modem economy. Public opinion generally believes that income unequal distribution is one of the main cause of inflation.. The observation of the economic evolution 1962-1972 in the eleven OCDE countries studied by Malcolm Sawyer in « Income distribution in OCDE countries » 1 shows that the more egalitarian countries (Holland, Sweden, Norway and United-Kingdom) are those where inflation and stagflation are the highest, showing correlation rather tight between these economic phenomena.. This leads to conclude that income inequality is not a cause of inflation, and even on the contrary to question whether income equality is not a factor of inflation and stagflation. [fre] L'inflation et, plus encore, la stagflation, constituent le fléau de l'économie moderne. L'opinion est très généralement répandue selon laquelle l'inégalité sociale est l'une des causes principales de l'inflation.. Or, l'observation de l'évolution économique de 1962 à 1972 des onzes pays de l'OCDE pour lesquels l'étude de Malcolm Sawyer, « La répartition des revenus dans les pays de l'OCDE » 1 donne une évaluation du niveau d'égalité sociale, montre que les pays les plus égalitaires (Pays-Bas, Suède, Norvège, Grande-Breta­gne) sont ceux où l'inflation et la stagflation ont été les plus fortes, faisant appa­raître des taux de corrélation relativement élevés entre ces phénomènes. On en est dès lors conduit à conclure que l'inégalité des revenus n'est pas la cause de l'inflation, et même, à se demander à l'inverse si l'égalité des revenus n'est pas un facteur d'inflation et de stagflation.. En effet, l'égalisation des revenus diminue l'incitation à l'effort et donc réduit la croissance et la production, ce qui est une cause d'inflation et de stagflation ; mais surtout, elle réduit l'épargne longue des ménages, ce qui est aussi une cause d'inflation et de stagflation.. L'investissement est ou non inflationniste selon qu'il est ou non financé par l'épargne des ménages. Dans les onze pays observés, il existe des relations de corrélation négative entre, d'une part, l'épargne des ménages et la stagflation, d'autre part, l'égalité des revenus et l'épargne des ménages.. Quels sont les remèdes ? Toutes les mesures tendant à développer l'épargne longue des ménages telles que celles des capitalismes populaires américain et allemand ou des mesures plus contraignantes d'emprunt salarial obligatoire.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe Robert, 1978. "Egalité des revenus, inflation et stagflation," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 29(2), pages 332-372.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1978_num_29_2_408386
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1978.408386
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1978.408386
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Robert Boyer & Jacques Mistral, 1976. "Formation de capital, prix relatifs, inflation," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 77(1), pages 29-48.
    2. Gaston Olive, 1976. "L'inflation : de quoi parlons-nous?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 77(1), pages 5-9.
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