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La pratique du prêt avec remise de gage. Instrument de financement en milieu rural au Cameroun

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  • Emmanuel Foko

Abstract

[fre] Les pratiques de crédit en milieu rural mettent en œuvre de nombreuses sources et pour des utilisations diverses. De nombreuses formes de garanties sont exigées. La mise en gage de biens est la forme de garantie matérielle la plus répandue. Une analyse de ce système de prêt avec mise en gage de bien à Bafou (village Bamiléke de l'Ouest Cameroun) a montré qu'il s'agit d'une pratique bien connue et assez répandue. L'examen de la nature des biens impliqués a fait ressortir la place prépondérante des parcelles de terrain, suivie des plantations de caféier. Dans l'ensemble, les biens productifs sont préférés en raison des possibilités d'usufruit qu'ils offrent. Les garanties sont rarement exécutées, compte tenu de nombreuses difficultés qui y sont associées. En cas de défaillance, le créancier conserve la propriété des biens en question ou se paie sur la récolte jusqu'à extinction de la dette. L'intérêt (ou mieux le gain) tiré de la transaction, bien que le plus souvent implicite, semble jouer un rôle important dans la décision d'accepter un bien en gage. La contribution de cette pratique au financement des activités rurales est cependant limitée. [eng] Credit practices with the pledging of physical assets as a financing instrument in the rural areas of Cameroon . There are many credit sources in the rural areas. Loans obtained are used for a wide range of activities. These loans practices involve various forms of guaranties, both physical and moral. Pledging assets as collaterals is a widely used form of physical guaranty existing found in the rural area. A study on this topic in Bafou (a Bamileke village of West Cameroon) has revealed that pledging assets loan collaterals is widely practiced. Land plots rank first, followed by coffee farms. Productive assets are preferred because during the loan period, creditors may use the productive capability as interest. In case of default, these collateral's are rarely sold, du to various social and economic constraints. So, when the loan can not be repaid, the creditor will simply withhold the asset until the complete settlement, either by repayment, or from income generated by the pledged asset. Interest payment on these loans are mostly implicit, but it plays a key role in contract negotiations. So far, the contribution of these practices to the financing of rural production has been rather poor.

Suggested Citation

  • Emmanuel Foko, 1997. "La pratique du prêt avec remise de gage. Instrument de financement en milieu rural au Cameroun," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 241(1), pages 43-47.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1997_num_241_1_4887
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1997.4887
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1997.4887
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Emmanuel Foko, 1994. "Les paysans de l'ouest Cameroun face au crédit agricole institutionnel," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 219(1), pages 12-15.
    2. Bouman, F J A & Houtman, R, 1988. "Pawnbroking as an Instrument of Rural Banking in the Third World," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 37(1), pages 69-89, October.
    3. Emmanuel Foko, 1995. "Les problèmes de financement de l'agriculture vivrière au Cameroun Cas du village Bafou," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 228(1), pages 54-57.
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    1. Kaffo, Celestin & Djeuta, Nicole Doungtio, 2013. "Ouest Cameroun : valorisation des produits locaux. L’exemple du vin de raphia," Économie rurale, French Society of Rural Economics (SFER Société Française d'Economie Rurale), vol. 336(July-Augu).

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