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Les avantages comparés des agricultures européennes

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  • Jean-Pierre Butault
  • M. Cyncynatus
  • Daniel Hassan

Abstract

[fre] La théorie ricardienne de la spécialisation internationale montre que les pays ont intérêt à se spécialiser en fonction de leurs coûts comparés. L'objet de ce travail, qui s'appuie sur les résultats d'une étude des coûts menée à l'INRA en collaboration avec la CEE et l'INSEE, est d'apprécier dans quelle mesure l'agriculture européenne constitue un champ de vérification pour cette théorie. On montre que s'il existe bien un lien entre spécialisations relatives et coûts comparés, celui-ci n'est pas strict. Plusieurs facteurs empêchent en effet une correspondance rigoureuse entre coûts et spécialisations : spécialisations "induites", effets du système de prix, différenciation des produits. [eng] According to the ricardian international trade theory, it is the interest of the countries to specialize themselves in the productions where they have comparative cost-advantages. This paper, which relies on the results of a study of costs of production executed by the National Institute of Agricultural Research in connection with the EEC and the National Institute of Statistics and Economical Studies, tries to estimate if this theory can be verified in the European agriculture. The paper shows that if the agricultural specializations of the EEC member States are effectively in relation with their comparative cost-advantages, nevertheless, several factors weaken the correlation : "induced" specializations (for example barley by pig-production) ; gaps between costs and benefits in relationship with the system of prices ; differentiation of the products.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Pierre Butault & M. Cyncynatus & Daniel Hassan, 1990. "Les avantages comparés des agricultures européennes," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 197(1), pages 15-21.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1990_num_197_1_4057
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1990.4057
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1990.4057
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    Cited by:

    1. Cécile Bernard, 1992. "La production de fraise à Huelva : les avantages de la filière espagnole sur le marché européen," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 212(1), pages 12-18.
    2. Karine Daniel, 2003. "Concentration et spécialisation : quel schéma pour l'agriculture communautaire ?," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 158(2), pages 105-120.
    3. Gérard Thomas, 2005. "Les échanges agroalimentaires de 1992 à 2002," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 390(1), pages 25-46.

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