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Les nouvelles technologies en agriculture : quelques leçons d'histoire

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  • Claude Laurent

Abstract

[eng] The tremendous innovations potential of the technologies being at present time settled by scientists provokes justified enthusiasms and fears. A brief flash-back upon events from the last forty years could make the debate more serene. Actually, some expectations not transferred into the production sector (twin calves, biological fixation of atmospheric nitrogen) recall us that research is a very uncertain activity. The evolution of programs generated by both crises in 1973 (fuels, soybean) emphasizes the impact of economic fluctuations on it. Finally, the economists will have to remain careful in order to make clear to the political and farm unions officials the nature and magnitude of unavoidable disruptions. [fre] L'énorme potentiel d'innovations contenu dans les technologies actuellement mises au point par les chercheurs suscite des enthousiasmes et des inquiétudes, tous également légitimes. Un rapide retour sur les événements des quarante dernières années devrait rendre le débat plus serein. En effet, certaines anticipations non transférées au système productif (veaux jumeaux, fixation biologique de l'azote atmosphérique) rappellent à quel point la recherche est marquée par l'incertitude. Le destin des programmes lancés à la suite des crises de 1973 (pétrole, soja) souligne le poids des fluctuations économiques. Enfin, les économistes devront rester vigilants pour éclairer correctement les responsables politiques et syndicaux sur la nature et l'ampleur de bouleversements inévitables.

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  • Claude Laurent, 1989. "Les nouvelles technologies en agriculture : quelques leçons d'histoire," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 192(1), pages 12-17.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1989_num_192_1_3982
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1989.3982
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1989.3982
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gouin, D.M. & Morisset, M., 1988. "Vingt ans de contingents laitiers : l'expérience canadienne," Cahiers d'Economie et de Sociologie Rurales (CESR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), vol. 7.
    2. Hairy, D. & Perraud, D., 1988. "Crise laitière et quotas : l'évolution de la politique laitière en France et dans la communauté," Cahiers d'Economie et de Sociologie Rurales (CESR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), vol. 7.
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