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Le régime agri-monétaire. Situation passée et perspectives liées à la mise en place de l'euro et à l'élargissement de l'UE

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  • Pierre Beynet
  • Henri Lamotte

Abstract

[spa] El régimen agromonetario . Situaciôn pasada y perspectivas vinculadas con la llegada del Euro: y la ampliaciôn de la UE . El régimen agromonetario naciô en 1969 de la voluntad de los pafses miembros de la Comunidad econômica; europea de protéger la Polftica agn'cola comûn (PAC) contra las fluctuaciones de las monedas. Este régimen tuvo numerosas evoluciones desde su orfgen hasta la creaciôn del euro, debido tanto a modificaciones del sistema monetario europeo como a evoluciones de la PAC y de las polfticas europeas. Este régimen favoreciô la; renta de los agricultores pero también trajo unas cuantas consecuencias negativas : esencialmente unas distorsiones: de. competenciay de. un costo presupuestario negative . Tras la adopciôn del euro como moneda comûn de once de los quince miembros de la Union Europea (UE) actual, el uno de enero de 1999, este régimen ha dejado de ser util de hecho para estos pafses. Para aquellos pafses que se han quedado fuera de la UEM se ha mantenido un régimen agromonetario simplificado, pero solo para un periodo que corre del uno de enero de 1999 al uno de: enero de 2002, sin que de momenta la Comisiôn europea' haya previsto algûn régimen de sustituciôn para mâs tarde. . Varios elementos econômicos podrîan abogar por la desapariciôn del régimen agromonetario en 2002. Pero la - adhesion después de esta fecha de los pafses de Europa central y oriental (PECO) ampliarâ la Union Europea a unos pafses cuya participaciôn inmediata a la UEM es poco probable, y cuyos intercambios seguirân inestables : de manera crônica unos cuantos anos mâs. Como la agricultura desemperïa un papel- importante en la economfa de estos pafses, dichos estados podrîan desear el mantenimiento de un régimen agromonetario. [fre] Le régime agri-monétaire . Situation passée et perspectives liées à la mise en place de l'auro et à l'élargissment de l'UE. Le régime agri-monétaire est né en 1 969 de la volonté des pays de la Communauté économique européenne de protéger la Politique Agricole Commune (PAC) des fluctuations des monnaies. Ce régime a connu de nombreuses évolutions de son origine à la création de l'euro du fait tant des modifications du système monétaire - européen que des évolutions de la PAC et des politiques : européennes. Lincidence de ce régime sur le revenu des agriculteurs a été favorable mais il a engendré un certain - nombre de conséquences négatives, principalement des : distorsions de concurrence et un coût budgétaire significatif.. L'adoption de l'euro comme monnaie commune de 11 des 15 États membres de l'Union européenne (UE) actuelle le 1er janvier 1999 a de facto fait disparaître l'utilité de ce régime pour ces pays. Pour les pays hors de l'Union" économique et monétaire (UEM), un régime agri-monétaire simplifié a été conservé,' mais seulement; pour la période du 1er janvier 1999 au 1er janvier 2002, aucun régime n'étant, pour l'instant, prévu par la Commission européenne au-delà. . De nombreux éléments économiques pourraient plaider, pour la disparition du régime agri-monétaire en 2000 Cependant, l'adhésion au-delà de cette date des pays : d'Europe centrale et orientale (PECO) élargira l'Union, européenne à des pays dont la participation immédiate à l'UEM est peu probable et dont l'instabilité des changes risque d'être chronique pendant encore un certain nombre d'années. L'agriculture jouant un rôle important dans l'économie de ces pays, le maintien d'un régime pourrait être souhaité par ces États. [eng] The Agri-Monetary System : . History and Outlook Associated with the Introduction of the Euro and EU Enlargement . In 1 969, the agri-monetary system was born out of the will of the European Economic Community countries to protect the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) from currency fluctuations. This system changed somewhat from its, introduction through to the creation of the Euro due as much : to changes to the European Monetary System as changes in the CAP and European policies. The system has had a r favourable effect on farmers' incomes. However, it has also provoked a certain number of negative effects, mainly in the form of competitive distortion and a significant budget cost.. The adoption of the Euro as the common currency of 1 1 of : the 15 current European Union (EU) Member States on 1 January 1999 has cancelled out the utility of this systems . for these countries. A simplified agri-monetary system has : been maintained for the non-EMU (Economic and Monetary _: Union) countries, but only for the period from 1 January 1 999 to 1 January 2002. No system has to date been planned by the European Commission for after this period. . There are many economic factors arguing for an end to the agri-monetary system in 2002. However, the Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) that join the: European Union after this date will probably not join EMU ; immediately and their exchange rate instability could remain chronic for a number of years. Since agriculture plays an important role in these countries' economies, they may well want to see the system maintained. [ger] Die agromonetâre Regelung . Ursprûnge und Perspektiven im Zusammenhang mit der Einfuhrung des Euro und dertEU-Erweiterung . Die agromonetâre Regelung ging 1969 aus dem Willen der Lânder der. Europàischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft , hervor.die Gemeinsame Agrarpoiitik (GAP) vor Wàhrungsschwankungen zu schûtzen. Aufgrund der hâufigen Ânderungen des europàischen Wâhrungssystems wie auch der Reformen der GAP und der europàischen Politiken hat dièse Regelung seit ihren Anfàngen und bis zur Einfuhrung des Euro zahlreiche . Weiterentwicklungen erfahren. Dièse Regelung wirkte sich auf das Einkommen der Landwirte positiv aus, fùhrte aber auch zu einer Reihe negativer Konsequenzen, insbesondere zu Wettbewerbsverzerrungen und einer erheblichen Belastung des Haushalts. . . Da am 1. Januar 1999 der Euro als einheitliche Wâhrung von 11 der 15 Mitgliedstaaten der gegenwârtigen Europàischen Union (EU) eingefùhrt wurde, ist dièse ; Regelung fur dièse Lânder de facto ûberflûssig geworden. Fur die Lânder die nicht der. Wirtschafts- und Wâhrungsunion (WWU) angehôren, ist eine vereinfachte agromonetâre Regelung beibehalten worden, allerdings - lediglich fur den Zeitraum vom 1 ; Januar 1 999 bis zum 1 : Januar 2002. Gegenwârtig hat die Europâische, Kommission ûber diesen Zeitraum hinaus keine andere * Regelung vorgesehen. . Zahlreiche Wirtschaftsfaktorenkônnten fur die Abschaffung dieser Regelung im Jahre 2002 sprechen/ Nach diesem Zeitpunkt wird die Europâische Union , jedoch um die mittel- und osteuropâischen Lânder. (MOEL) erweitert, die gewiB nicht sofort an der WWU teilnehmen werden und in denen noch viele Jahre lang : eine môglicherweise chronische Wâhrungsinstabilitàt herrschen wird. Da die Landwirtschaft in der Volkswirtschaft dieser Lander eine wichtige Rolle spielt, kônnten dièse Staaten wûnschen, daB eine solche Regelung beibehalten wird.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Beynet & Henri Lamotte, 1999. "Le régime agri-monétaire. Situation passée et perspectives liées à la mise en place de l'euro et à l'élargissement de l'UE," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 329(1), pages 55-71.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1999_num_329_1_6354
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1999.6354
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1999.6354
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