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Montants du patrimoine et des actifs : qualité et représentativité des déclarations des ménages

Author

Listed:
  • Luc Arrondel
  • François Guillaumat-Tailliet
  • Daniel Verger

Abstract

[eng] Sums of Wealth and Assets: The Quality and Representativeness of Household Declarations . The greatest disparities between the estimates of wealth accounts and the Financial Assets survey estimates are to be found to varying degrees in the financial assets, in the housing liable to be rented out and in certain professional assets. Some of the deviations are due to differences in the scope chosen or valuation methods used, while others are due to the vagueness of answers in a survey of households on a difficult subject. . The Financial Assets survey's systematic count of all assets held guarantees a certain quality of answers. Yet it is impossible to avoid the bias resulting from oversights, lack of knowledge, deliberate concealment of facts and the resolute adherence to a concept of wealth different from the survey's conventional definition (a discount for risk, refusal to confirm the value of an inherited property without usufruct, etc.). . These uncertainties correspond to certain flaws in the national accounts estimates, in particular the valuation of the stock of unlisted shares, building land and intangible property. The finding of significant deviations between the sources understandably leads statisticians to question the reliability and comprehensiveness of their estimates, and even the pertinence of their concepts. [fre] Montants du patrimoine et des actifs : qualité et représentativité des déclarations des ménages . Entre les estimations des comptes de patrimoine et celles de l'enquête Actifs financiers, les divergences les plus importantes portent sur les actifs financiers, à des degrés divers, sur les logements susceptibles d'être mis en location et certains actifs professionnels. Des écarts tiennent à des différences dans les champs retenus ou les méthodes de valorisation utilisées, d'autres à l'imprécision des réponses à une enquête réalisée auprès des ménages sur un sujet difficile. . Même si le recensement systématique de l'ensemble des biens possédés effectué dans l'enquête Actifs financiers est garant d'une certaine qualité des réponses, on ne peut échapper aux biais résultant de l'oubli, de la sance ou de la volonté soit de dissimuler soit de se raccrocher à un concept de patrimoine différent de celui retenu, par convention, dans l'enquête (prise en compte d'une décote pour risque, refus d'entériner la valeur d'une nue- propriété reçue par héritage, etc.). . À ces incertitudes répondent certaines fragilités des estimations de la Comptabilité nationale, notamment celles sur la valorisation du stock d'actions non cotées, des terrains à bâtir et des biens incorporels. La mise en évidence d'écarts significatifs entre les sources renouvelle l'interrogation légitime du statisticien quant à la fiabilité ou à l'exhaustivité de ses estimations, voire à la pertinence de ses concepts. [ger] Hôhe des Sach- und Finanzvermôgens : Qualitât und Reprâsentanz der Erklarungen der Haushalte . Die grôBten Abweichungen zwischen den Schâtzungen der Volksvermôgensrechnung und denen der Erhebung Actifs financiers (Finanzvermôgen) bestehen beim Finanzvermôgen sowie in unterschiedlichem Umfang bei den Wohnungen, die vermietet werden kônnen, und bei bestimmten Arten des Berufsvermôgens. Manche Abweichungen sind auf die Unterschiede zwischen den gewâhlten Rubriken oder den benutzen Bewertungs- verfahren zurûckzufùhren ; andere auf die Ungenauigkeit der Antworten auf eine Erhebung, die bei Haushalten zu einem schwierigen Thema durchgefùhrt werden. . Wenn auch die systematische Erfassung sâmtlicher Gûter im Rahmen der Erhebung Actifs financiers die Gewàhr fur eine gewisse Qualitât der Antworten bietet, sind jedoch Verzerrungen nicht auszuschlieBen ; verursacht werden dièse durch Unterlassungen, Unkenntnis, die Weigerung, vollstândige Angaben zu machen, oder das Festhalten an einem Vermôgenskonzept, das sich von dem unterscheidet, das fur die Erhebung aus Konvention gewâhlt worden ist (Berùcksichtigung einer SteuerermâBigung fur Risiko, Weigerung, den Wert eines bloBen Eigentums infolge einer Erbschaft zu akzeptieren, usw.). . Diesen Unsicherheiten entsprechen bestimmte Schwâchen bei den Schâtzungen der Volkswirtschaft- lichen Gesamtrechnung, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Bewertung des Bestandes an nicht-bôrsengângigen Aktien, der Bauplâtze und der immateriellen Gùter. Beim Aufzeigen solch erheblicher Abweichungen zwischen den Schâtzquellen sieht sich der Statistiker veranlaBt, die Zuverlâssigkeit oder Vollstândigkeit seiner Schâtzungen, ja sogar die Relevanz seiner Konzepte in Frage zu stellen. [spa] Importes del patrimonio y de los activos : calidad y representatividad de las declaraciones de los hogares . Entre las estimaciones de las cuentas de patrimonio y las de la encuesta Activos financieros, las divergencias mâs importantes descansan en los activos financieros y, con matices, en las viviendas que pueden alquilarse y en ciertos activos profesionales. Unas diferencias se deben a las variaciones entre los âmbitos seleccionados o los métodos de valorizaciôn empleados, otra a la imprecision de las respuestas a una encuesta realizada entre los hogares sobre un tema difi'cil. . Aunque el censo sistemâtico del conjunto de los bienes detentados Ilevado a cabo en la encuesta Activos financieros garantiza cierta calidad de las respuestas, no se pueden evitar los sesgos debidos al olvido a la ignorancia o a la voluntad o de ocultar algo o de cenirse a un concepto del patrimonio diferente del que se ha elegido por convenciôn en la encuesta (tomar en cuenta una depreciaciôn por riesgo, no admitir el valor de una nuda propiedad recibida en herencia, etc.) . A taies incertidumbres corresponden ciertas flaquezas de las estimaciones de la Contabilidad nacional, entre otras, las que atarïen a la valorizaciôn del "stock" de acciones no cuotizadas, de los solares y de los bienes incorporales. La manifestaciôn de diferencias relevantes entre las fuentes vuelve a legitimar la interrogaciôn del estadista en cuanto a la fiabilidad o a la exhaustividad, e incluso la pertinencia de sus conceptos.

Suggested Citation

  • Luc Arrondel & François Guillaumat-Tailliet & Daniel Verger, 1996. "Montants du patrimoine et des actifs : qualité et représentativité des déclarations des ménages," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 296(1), pages 145-164.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1996_num_296_1_6145
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1996.6145
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1996.6145
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Luc Arrondel & Anne Laferrère, 1994. "La transmission des grandes fortunes. Profil des riches défunts en France," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 273(1), pages 41-52.
    2. Agell, Jonas & Edin, Per-Anders, 1990. " Marginal Taxes and the Asset Portfolios of Swedish Households," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 92(1), pages 47-64.
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    1. Luc Arrondel & André Masson & Daniel Verger, 2008. "Le patrimoine en France : état des lieux, historique et perspectives," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 417(1), pages 3-25.
    2. repec:dau:papers:123456789/5056 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. J.-B. Bernard & L. Berthet, 2015. "French households financial wealth: which changes in 20 years?," Documents de Travail de l'Insee - INSEE Working Papers g2015-18, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques.
    4. Bertrand Garbinti & Jonathan Goupille-Lebret & Thomas Piketty, 2021. "Accounting for Wealth-Inequality Dynamics: Methods, Estimates, and Simulations for France," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, vol. 19(1), pages 620-663.
    5. Arrondel, Luc & Laferrere, Anne, 2001. "Taxation and wealth transmission in France," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 79(1), pages 3-33, January.

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