IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/prs/ecstat/estat_0336-1454_1996_num_291_1_6038.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Neutralité actuarielle et propriétés redistributives des systèmes de retraite

Author

Listed:
  • Florence Legros

Abstract

[fre] Neutralité actuarielle et propriétés redistributives des systèmes de retraite . En matière de retraite, un critère de neutralité assez naturel est celui de l'équivalence entre l'ensemble des cotisations versées et l'ensemble des prestations reçues, au cours du cycle de vie. Comment se situent les différents systèmes nationaux par rapport à cette norme ? Les systèmes de tradition bismarckienne, appelés aussi « assurantiels », sont ceux qui devraient s'en rapprocher le plus ; mais les écarts entre espérances de vie, en duisant des effets anti-redistributifs, les éloignent de cette neutralité. Les systèmes dits beveridgiens compensent en partie ces inégalités : ils versent des prestations forfaitaires indépendantes du revenu ou des contributions passées. Mais ils ne remplissent qu'imparfaitement la fonction de remplacement du revenu perdu lors du passage à la retraite - sauf lorsque ce revenu est faible - ce qui impose le recours à des couvertures privées complémentaires. [spa] Neutralidad actuarial y propiedades redistributivas de los sistemas de jubilaciôn . En cuanto a jubilaciôn, un criterio de neutralidad bastante natural es el de la equivalencia entre la totalidad de las cotizaciones abonadas y la totalidad de las prestaciones recibidas, a lo largo del ciclo de vida. ïCômo se sitûan los diferentes sistemas nationales respecto a esta norma? Los sistemas de tradiciôn bismarckiana, también llamados "aseguramentales", son los que mâs se acercan a este criterio ; pero las diferencias entre las esperanzas de vida, al introducir unos efectos antiredistributivos, los alejan de esta neutralidad. Los llamados sistemas beveridgienses compensan por parte estas desi- gualdades : pagan unas prestaciones globales sin relaciôn con la renta o las contribuciones anteriores. Pero no cumplen sino de manera imperfecta su funciôn de reemplazo de la renta perdida al jubilarse la gente - excepto si la renta es poca - lo que impone el recurso a unas coberturas privadas complementarias. [eng] The Non-Discriminatory Actuarial Evaluation and the Redistributive Properties of the Pension Systems . A fairly natural impartiality criterion for pensions is that of the equivalence between all the contributions paid and all the benefits received over the life cycle. How do the different national systems score as regards this norm? The Bismarck-based systems, also called "insurance" systems, should come closest. However, life expectancy deviations introduce anti-redistributive effects, thereby distancing them from this impartiality. The Beveridge-based systems partially offset these inequalities by paying out flat-rate benefits regardless of income and past contributions. However, they are imperfect when it comes to replacing lost income at retirement - except when this income is low - which imposes the use of supplementary private coverage. [ger] Versicherungsmathematische Neutralitât und Umverteilungsmerkmale der Rentenversicherungssysteme . Bei der Rentenversicherung ist die Àquivalenz zwischen dem Gesamtbetrag der Beitràge und dem Gesamtbetrag der Leistungen, die wàhrend des Lebenszyklus gezahlt bzw. bezogen werden, ein recht natiirliches Neutralitâts- kriterium. Wie lassen sich die verschiedenen nationalen Système hinsichtlich dieser Norm einstufen? Die bismarckschen Système, die auf dem Versicherungs- prinzip basieren, kommen ihr sicherlich am nâchsten. Bei Einbeziehung von Antiumverteilungseffekten entfernen sie sich jedoch aufgrund der unterschiedlichen . Lebenserwartungen von dieser Neutralitât. Die sogenannten beveridgeschen Système kompensieren diese Ungleichheiten zum Teil, da bei ihnen pauschale Leistungen gezahlt werden, die einkommens- und beitragsunabhângig sind. Sie erfûllen allerdings nur unvollkommen die Funktion des Ersatzes des bei Eintritt in den Ruhestand verlorenen Einkommens, es sei denn, dieses Einkommen ist gering, was den Ruckgriff auf eine private Zusatzversicherung erforderlich macht.

Suggested Citation

  • Florence Legros, 1996. "Neutralité actuarielle et propriétés redistributives des systèmes de retraite," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 291(1), pages 173-183.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1996_num_291_1_6038
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1996.6038
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1996.6038
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3406/estat.1996.6038
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/estat_0336-1454_1996_num_291_1_6038
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3406/estat.1996.6038?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bernard Delhausse & Sergio Perelman & Pierre Pestieau, 1992. "L'incidence redistributive de la privatisation des retraites," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 23(4), pages 65-79.
    2. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/2587 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Gérard Cornilleau & Henri Sterdyniak, 1992. "Le scénario de la répartition," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 23(4), pages 89-108.
    4. Pestieau, P., 1994. "Social protection and private insurance: reassessing the role of public sector versus private sector in insurance," LIDAM Reprints CORE 1135, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    5. Michael D. Hurd & John B. Shoven, 1985. "The Distributional Impact of Social Security," NBER Chapters, in: Pensions, Labor, and Individual Choice, pages 193-222, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/2587 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Pierre Pestieau, 1994. "Social Protection and Private Insurance: Reassessing the Role of Public Sector Versus Private Sector in Insurance," The Geneva Risk and Insurance Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association for the Study of Insurance Economics (The Geneva Association), vol. 19(2), pages 81-92, December.
    8. Didier Blanchet, 1992. "Les progrès de productivité : Remède miracle ou facteur aggravant des problèmes de retraite ?," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 23(4), pages 27-46.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Didier Blanchet, 1996. "La référence assurantielle en matière de protection sociale : apports et limites," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 291(1), pages 33-45.
    2. Belan, Pascal & Pestieau, Pierre, 1999. "Privatisation des systèmes de retraite : une évaluation critique," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 75(1), pages 9-27, mars-juin.
    3. Stéphane Jacobzone, 1997. "Systèmes mixtes d'assurance maladie, équité, gestion du risque et maîtrise des coûts," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 129(3), pages 189-205.
    4. Martin S. Feldstein & Jeffrey B. Liebman, 2002. "The Distributional Effects of an Investment-Based Social Security System," NBER Chapters, in: The Distributional Aspects of Social Security and Social Security Reform, pages 263-326, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Jeffrey R. Brown & Julia Lynn Coronado & Don Fullerton, 2009. "Is Social Security Part of the Social Safety Net?," NBER Chapters, in: Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 23, pages 37-72, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Jeffrey B. Liebman, 2002. "Redistribution in the Current U.S. Social Security System," NBER Chapters, in: The Distributional Aspects of Social Security and Social Security Reform, pages 11-48, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Martin Feldstein & Andrew Samwick, 1998. "The Transition Path in Privatizing Social Security," NBER Chapters, in: Privatizing Social Security, pages 215-264, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. John Geanakoplos & Olivia S. Mitchell & Stephen P. Zeldes, "undated". "Social Security Money's Worth," Pension Research Council Working Papers 97-20, Wharton School Pension Research Council, University of Pennsylvania.
    9. Jagadeesh Gokhale & Laurence J. Kotlikoff, 2002. "Social Security's Treatment of Postwar Americans. How Bad Can It Get?," NBER Chapters, in: The Distributional Aspects of Social Security and Social Security Reform, pages 207-262, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. B. Douglas Bernheim, 1987. "Dissaving after Retirement: Testing the Pure Life Cycle Hypothesis," NBER Chapters, in: Issues in Pension Economics, pages 237-280, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    11. Afonso, Luís Eduardo & Fernandes, Reynaldo, 2005. "Uma Estimativa dos Aspectos Distributivos da Previdência Social no Brasil," Revista Brasileira de Economia - RBE, EPGE Brazilian School of Economics and Finance - FGV EPGE (Brazil), vol. 59(3), July.
    12. Peter Diamond & Jonathan Gruber, 1997. "Social Security and Retirement in the U.S," NBER Working Papers 6097, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    13. Boskin, Michael J. & Kotlikoff, Lawrence J. & Puffert, Douglas J. & Shoven, John B., 1986. "Social Security: A Financial Appraisal Across and Within Generations," CEPR Publications 244432, Stanford University, Center for Economic Policy Research.
    14. Coronado Julia Lynn & Fullerton Don & Glass Thomas, 2011. "The Progressivity of Social Security," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 11(1), pages 1-45, November.
    15. Steven F. Venti & David A. Wise, 1987. "IRAs and Saving," NBER Chapters, in: The Effects of Taxation on Capital Accumulation, pages 7-52, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. R. Glenn Hubbard, 1987. "Uncertain Lifetimes, Pensions, and Individual Saving," NBER Chapters, in: Issues in Pension Economics, pages 175-210, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    17. Lixin He, 2008. "The distributional effects of public pension reform in urban China," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 3(2), pages 255-276, June.
    18. H. Yigit Aydede, 2007. "Social Security, Intergenerational Transfers, and Saving: New Evidence from an Emerging Country," NFI Working Papers 2007-WP-16, Indiana State University, Scott College of Business, Networks Financial Institute, revised Jul 2007.
    19. Jan H.M. Nelissen, 1999. "Mortality Differences Related to Socioeconomic Status and the Progressivity of Old-Age Pensions and Health Insurance: The Netherlands," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 15(1), pages 77-97, March.
    20. R. Glenn Hubbard, 1984. "'Precautionary' Saving Revisited: Social Security, Individual Welfare, and the Capital Stock," NBER Working Papers 1430, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1996_num_291_1_6038. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Equipe PERSEE (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.persee.fr/collection/estat .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.