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La préservation des espèces : que peuvent dire les économistes ?

Author

Listed:
  • Martin Angel
  • Matthieu Glachant
  • François Lévèque

Abstract

[spa] La preservaciôn de las especies : cuâl es la opinion de los economistas ? . La desapariciôn de especies y de variedades végétales se acelera. Para muchos ecologistas esta erosion de la diversidad biolôgica pone en juego la supervivencia de la humanidad. Tal fenômeno traduce, para el gran pûblico, la degradaciôn general del planeta. . El anâlisis econômico propone un enfoque racional de este problema. La comparaciôn entre costo de desapariciôn y costo de preservaciôn de una especie puede constituir un elemento en la elecciôn de una determinada estrategia. Dicho enfoque contiene, sin embargo, un alcance limitado : las multiples implicaciones culturales, polîticas y éticas de taies criterios asî como la insuficiencia de los conocimientos cientîficos actuales que relativizan las conclusiones de esos estudios. . Por otra parte, estos ûltimos ponen de relieve la debilidad de lo que esta en juego a nivel industrial para los paîses desarrollados. Asî, puede explicarse el contenido poco ambiciose de la convenciôn que se firmô recientemente en Rîo. La misma persigue por meta garantizar el libre acceso a los recursos genéticos mâs que su diversidad. En cambio, no contiene ni un calendario con acciones determinadas ni una lista de especies que deben protegerse prioritariamente. [fre] La préservation des espèces : que peuvent dire les économistes ? . La disparition d'espèces et de variétés botaniques s'accélère. Pour beaucoup d'écologistes, cette érosion de la diversité biologique met en jeu la survie de l'humanité. Pour le grand public, elle traduit la dégradation générale de la planète. . turelles, politiques et éthiques de tels critères, autant que l'insuffisance des connaissances scientifiques actuelles, relativisent les conclusions d'une telle approche. . L'analyse économique propose une approche rationnelle de ce problème. La comparaison entre coût de disparition et coût de préservation d'une espèce peut être un élément dans le choix d'une stratégie. Cette démarche garde cependant une portée limitée : les multiples implications cul- . De plus celle-ci met en évidence la faiblesse des enjeux industriels pour les pays développés : ainsi s'explique la teneur, peu ambitieuse en la matière, de la convention récemment signée à Rio. Cette dernière vise plus à garantir le libre accès aux ressources génétiques que leur diversité. Par contre elle ne contient ni calendrier d'action ni liste d'espèces à protéger prioritairement. [eng] Protecting Species : What Do the Economists Have to Say? . Species and botanical varieties are disappearing with increasing speed. A number of ecologists consider that this erosion of biological diversity is threatening the survival of the human race. The public sees it as a reflection of the global collapse of the planet. . Economic analysis proposes a rational approach to this problem. The comparison between the cost of disappearance and the cost of protecting a species could be an element in the choice of a strategy. However, this approach has a limited scope : the shortcomings in current scientific knowledge and the many cultural, political and ethnic implications of such criteria relativize the conclusions of such an analysis. . Moreover, it highlights how small the industrial stakes are for the developed countries. This explains why the recent convention signed in Rio was fairly unambitious as regards the protection of species. The convention aims more to guarantee the free access to genetic resources than their diversity. However, it contains neither a timetable for action nor a list of priority species to be protected.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin Angel & Matthieu Glachant & François Lévèque, 1992. "La préservation des espèces : que peuvent dire les économistes ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 258(1), pages 113-119.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1992_num_258_1_6562
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1992.6562
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1992.6562
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Claude Henry, 1974. "Investment decisions under uncertainty: The "irreversibility effect"," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/327343, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    2. Henry, Claude, 1974. "Investment Decisions Under Uncertainty: The "Irreversibility Effect."," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 64(6), pages 1006-1012, December.
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    1. Virginie Madelin, 1995. "La rémunération des services environnementaux rendus par l'agriculture," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 117(1), pages 77-88.
    2. Martin YELKOUNI, 2004. "L'évaluation des ressources naturelles : le cas de la forêt classée de Tiogo au Burkina Faso," Working Papers 200414, CERDI.

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