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Sortir du chômage : un parcours à handicaps

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  • Dominique Rouault-Galdo

Abstract

[fre] S'enliser dans le chômage de longue durée, s'installer formation, mobilité, etc. dans l'inactivité, voir se dissiper ses chances de réinsertion, correspond souvent au cumul de handicaps de divers ordres. L'âge est le facteur décisif. Viennent ensuite la situation de famille (état matrimonial, enfants à charge, etc.), le diplôme et l'ancienneté d'inscription. Au troisième niveau interviennent la nationalité, la catégorie socioprofessionnelle, les indemnités perçues, les circonstances d'entrée en chômage, et le lieu de résidence. L'attitude individuelle dans la recherche d'emploi est de même importance que ces derniers facteurs : prétentions de salaires, intensité de la recherche, état de santé, suivi d'une formation, mobilité, etc.. Tous ces facteurs se cumulent, dessinant le profil type du chômeur ayant les plus fortes chances de se réinsérer rapidement. Agé d'une trentaine d'années, ce père de famille parisien issu d'un milieu aisé est diplômé de l'enseignement supérieur et occupait un emploi de cadre dont il a démissionné. Entré au chômage il y a moins d'un an, il a suivi une formation et se trouve maintenant en fin d'indemnité. Sa recherche est active et ciblée, il est sûr de lui mais prend volontiers conseil. Il acceptera une mobilité raisonnable mais ne bradera pas son salaire. [eng] Getting out of Unemployment: a Series of Hurdles - Sinking in long term unemployment, accustomed to inactivity and seeing one's chances of finding a job disappear often correspond to a number of concurrent handicaps of various importance. Age is the decisive factor. It is followed by family status (whether one is married, has children to support, etc.), the level of education and how long ago one registered as unemployed. The third set of factors in importance are one's nationality, one's socio-economic group, the unemployment benefits one receives, the circumstances in which one became unemployed and one's place of residence. The individual's attitude in the search for employment is as important as the last set of factors: how much salary one is asking for, how intensive the search for work is, one's health, whether one has had some training, one's mobility, etc. . All these factors are cumulative, delineating the typical profile of the unemployed person who has the largest chances of finding a new jog quickly. In his thirties, this Parisian who has children comes from a well-to-do background, graduated from university and resigned from his job as an executive. Having been unemployed for less than a year, he followed a training programme and is now at the end of his unemployment benefits. His search for work is active and focused. He is self-confident but often asks for advice. He will accept reasonable mobility but will not make any concessions on his salary. [spa] Salir del desempleo : un trayeeto con desventajas - Hundirse en la desocupación de larga duración, instalarse en la inactividad, ver disiparse las posibilidades de reinserción, todo esto corresponde frecuentemente a una acumulación de desventajas de diversa índole. La edad es el factor decisive En segundo lugar surgen el estado civil (estado matrimonial, nnos a cargo, etc.), el diploma y la fecha a partir de la cual uno se ha inscripto como desempleado. En tércer término intervienen la nacionalidad, la categoría socio-profesional, los subsidios percibidos, las circunstancias que motivaron la desocupación y el lugar de residencia. La actitud individual en la búsqueda de empleo reviste la misma importancia que estos últimos factures: pretensiones en cuanto al salario, intensidad de la búsqueda, estado de salud, participación a cursillos de capacitación, movilidad, etc. . Todos estos factores se acumulan y permiten disenar el perfil tipo del desempleado que cuenta con las mejores posibilidades de reinsertarse rápidamente. De treinta anos de edad, este padre de familia parisiense, que proviene de un medio pudiente, es diplomado universitario y ocupaba un cargo de ejecutivo al cual renunció. Desocupado desde hace menos de un ano siguió cursillos de capacitación y se encuentra, en ese momento, en el período final des subsidio de desocupación. Su búsqueda de empleo es activa y bien orientada. Es muy seguro aunque puede pedir consejos en su entorno. Aceptará una movilidad razonable pero no permitirá ninguna reducción de su salario.

Suggested Citation

  • Dominique Rouault-Galdo, 1991. "Sortir du chômage : un parcours à handicaps," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 249(1), pages 53-65.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1991_num_249_1_5616
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1991.5616
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1991.5616
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Raphaël Tresmontant, 1991. "Chômage : les chances d'en sortir," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 241(1), pages 41-51.
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    1. Cédric Afsa, 1992. "Le revenu minimum d'insertion : une prestation d'accompagnement ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 252(1), pages 43-50.

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