Author
Listed:
- Éric Dubois
- Laurent Kenigswald
Abstract
[fre] Alors que la RFA semblait il y a cinq ans vouée à la croissance lente, la reprise nettement amorcée en 1988 s'est accentuée à partir de 1990 : l'Ouest de l'Allemagne est devenue le "maillot jaune" de la croissance en Europe, et le restera probablement en 1991. . Ce renouveau repose sur une expansion budgétaire marquée, permise par les importantes réserves accumulées par la RFA grâce à ses excédents courants de la fin des années quatre-vingt. L'impact des transferts vers l'ex-RDA l'emporte largement sur celui des mesures restrictives : augmentation des impôts ou réduction de la dépense publique dans les anciens Lânder. Deux effets viennent toutefois atténuer légèrement la relance budgétaire : l'appréciation du Deutsche Mark et un effet d'"éviction réelle", l'abandon de parts de marché par l'ex-RFA à l'étranger, compte tenu de capacités de production insuffisantes pour répondre au surcroît de demande émanant des nouveaux Länder. . L'ensemble de ces éléments expliquent l'écart de croissance avec la France favorable à l'Allemagne, enregistré en 1990 et 1991. Ils incitent à penser que cet écart pourrait s'inverser en 1992 en faveur de la France. [eng] The Gap between the German and the French Economic Growth from 1990 to 1992 - Five years ago, the Federal German Republic seemed to be destined for a slow growth, but the noticeable recovery which started in 1988 accelerated after 1990: the West of Germany became the leader of growth in Europe and will probably remain so in 1991. . This recovery is based on a pronounced budget expansion which was made possible by the considerable reserves accumulated by the FGR thanks to its current surpluses at the end of the eighties. The consequences of the transfers to the former Democratic German Republic largely prevail over those of such restrictive measures as the increase in taxes or the reduction of public expense in the former Länder. . However two factors slightly tone down the effects of pump- priming the appreciation of the German Mark and "real- side crowding-out effect", that is the former FGR's relin- quishment of market shares abroad, because its productive capacity is not sufficient to meet the additional demand from the new Länder. . All these elements account for the gap between French and German economic growth observed in 1990 and 1991, which is in favor of Germany. They lead one to think that this gap could be reversed in 1992 in favour of France. [spa] La disparidad franco-alemana de crecimiento de 1990 a 1992 - La República Federal de Alemania que desde hace cinco años parecía orientarse hacia un crecimiento lento, experimentó una recuperación en 1988, habiéndose acentuado esta ultima a partir de 1990. . En efecto, el Oeste de Alemania se transformó en el "campeón" del crecimiento en Europa y lo seguirá siendo probablemente en 1991. . Este renacimiento reposa sobre una neta expansion presupuestaria que fue posible mediante las importantes reservas acumuladas por la República Federal de Alemania gracias a sus excedentes corrientes de fines de los años ochenta. El impacto de las transferencias hacia la ex República Democrática de Alemania predomina ampliamente sobre el de las medidas restrictivas : aumento de los impuestos o reducción del gasto público en los antiguos Lander. . Sin embargo, dos efectos atenúan levemente el despegue presupuestario : la valorización del Deutsche Mark y un efecto de "real evicción" el abandono de cuotas de mercado por la ex República Federal de Alemania en el extranjero, habida cuenta de las capacidades de producción insuficientes para responder al aumento de demanda que eman de los nuevos Lander. . En conjunto de estos elementos explica la disparidad de crecimiento con Francia, favorable a Alemania que se registró en 1990 y en 1991. Los mismos incitan apensar que esta diferencia podría invertirse en 1992, a favor de Francia.
Suggested Citation
Éric Dubois & Laurent Kenigswald, 1991.
"L'écart de croissance franco-allemand de 1990 à 1992,"
Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 246(1), pages 29-36.
Handle:
RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1991_num_246_1_6291
DOI: 10.3406/estat.1991.6291
Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1991.6291
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