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Économie d’un accord global sur le climat : une introduction

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  • Dominique Bureau

Abstract

[eng] The 1997 Kyoto Protocol outlined an architecture for international action to cope with climate risk. The framework combines greenhouse-gas emission targets that are legally binding on individual countries and a mechanism for trading these quotas. We use a canonical model to study the economics of emission-permit markets applied to greenhouse gases. We stress the fact that, in this case, absent a higher authority, the quota market needs to be set up through negotiations between countries. Using the model as a benchmark, we review the issues currently under discussion regarding changes in the United Nations Framework Convention Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). [fre] Une architecture de l’action internationale vis-à-vis du risque climatique s’est esquissée à Kyoto en 1997. Celle-ci combine des objectifs de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre contraignants par pays, et la possibilité d’échange de ces quotas. A partir d'un modèle canonique, on étudie l’économie des marchés de permis d’émission appliquée à ce problème. Il est en particulier souligné que, dans ce cas, le marché de quotas doit être mis en place comme issue d’un processus de négociation entre pays, en l’absence d’autorité supérieure. Les questions en débat à propos de l’évolution de la Convention des Nations Unies sur le Climat sont passées en revue à l’aune de ce modèle.

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  • Dominique Bureau, 2009. "Économie d’un accord global sur le climat : une introduction," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 190(4), pages 1-19.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2009_num_190_4_7991
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2009.7991
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2009.7991
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