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Fiscalité, charges sociales, qualifications et emploi

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  • Jean-Pierre Laffargue

Abstract

[fre] Fiscalité, charges sociales, qualifications et emploi. Étude à l'aide du modèle d'équilibre général calculable . de l'économie française : "Julien" . Jean-Pierre Laffargue . De 1960 à nos jours le taux de chômage a augmenté tendanciellement beaucoup plus pour les travailleurs non qualifiés que pour les qualifiés. Nous pouvons donc penser qu'une politique de lutte contre le chômage doit d'abord concerner le premier type d'emplois. Cet article analyse les effets économiques, en particulier ceux sur l'emploi, de réductions des cotisations sociales sur les différentes qualifications, ainsi que des autres impôts. Pour cela nous utilisons une maquette de l'économie française, "Julien", qui adopte un cadre de concurrence monopolistique, a un caractère dynamique, attribue aux agents des comportements d'optimisation intertemporelle avec anticipations rationnelles et inclut une modélisation fine du marché du travail. [eng] Taxes, Social Security Contributions, Skills and Employment: A Study Using the "Julien" Computable General . Equilibrium Model of the French Economy . Jean-Pierre Laffargue . The underlying rate of unemployment has been rising more sharply among the unskilled than the skilled since 1960. It could therefore be said that employment policy should focus primarily on unskilled jobs. This paper analyses the economic effects of a decrease in employers' social security contributions and other taxes on the different skills levels, especially as regards employment. For this purpose, we use a model of the French economy called "Julien". This is a dynamic model that adopts a framework of monopolistic competition. It considers that agents optimise their behaviour over time with rational expectations and it includes a detailed labour market model.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Pierre Laffargue, 1996. "Fiscalité, charges sociales, qualifications et emploi," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 125(4), pages 87-105.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1996_num_125_4_5810
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1996.5810
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1996.5810
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    Cited by:

    1. Berson, Clémence & Ferrari, Nicolas, 2015. "Financial incentives and labour market duality," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 77-92.
    2. Jérôme Gautié & David Margolis, 2009. "Introduction," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 429(1), pages 3-19.
    3. Christian Gianella & Sandrine Duchêne & Sébastien Doisy, 2004. "Un modèle d’appariement avec hétérogénéité du facteur travail : un nouvel outil d’évaluation des politiques économiques," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 162(1), pages 1-22.
    4. Henri Sterdyniak & Pierre Villa & Département analyse et prévision de l'OFCE, 1998. "Pour une réforme du financement de la Sécurité sociale," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 67(1), pages 155-205.
    5. Laffargue, Jean-Pierre, 1999. "Financement d'une baisse de cotisations sociales employeurs sur le travail peu qualifié. $e_Une étude à l'aide du modèle d'équilibre général calculable Julien 4," CEPREMAP Working Papers (Couverture Orange) 9913, CEPREMAP.
    6. Islem Gafsi & Yannick L’Horty & Ferhat Mihoubi, 2004. "Allègement du coût du travail et emploi peu qualifié : une réévaluation," Documents de recherche 04-03, Centre d'Études des Politiques Économiques (EPEE), Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne.
    7. Yannick L'Horty & Nicolas Sobczak, 1997. "Les déterminants du chômage d'équilibre : estimation d'un modèle WS-PS," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 127(1), pages 101-116.
    8. Hervé Le Bihan, 1998. "L'impact de la réduction des cotisations employeurs : quelques jalons macroéconomiques," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 66(1), pages 171-198.
    9. Aziza Garsaa & Nadine Levratto, 2015. "Do labor tax rebates facilitate firm growth? An empirical study on French establishments in the manufacturing industry, 2004–2011," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 45(3), pages 613-641, October.
    10. Jean-Pierre Laffargue & Anne Saint-Martin, 1999. "Inégalités, biais de progrès technique et imperfections de marché en France de 1974 à 1993," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 138(2), pages 89-109.
    11. Vincent Charlet & Philippe Frocrain, 2017. "Les limites des allégements de charges sur les bas salaires," Working Papers hal-01695167, HAL.

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