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Le surplus des consommateurs d'Alfred Marshall : une généalogie intellectuelle

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  • Rozenn Martinoia

Abstract

[fre] Cet article retrace la genèse du surplus des consommateurs dans l'œuvre d'Alfred Marshall en soulignant son évolution analytique - d'abord gain monétaire puis, progressivement, gain d'utilité. Cette investigation permet de circonscrire la dette intellectuelle contractée par Marshall à l'égard de ses prédécesseurs ou de ses contemporains. Ainsi, l'influence de Cournot semble limitée aux prémices du concept, tandis que l'appropriation critique de la Theory of Political Economy de Jevons apparaît comme un élément décisif de la transformation de sa problématique. En revanche, l'idée d'une influence de Dupuit ou de Jenkin paraît devoir être écartée. [eng] This paper traces the genesis of the consumers surplus in Alfred Marshall's work, focusing on an analytical transition : first regarded as a monetary gain, the surplus gradually becomes a utility gain. This inquiry allows a reappraisal of Marshall's intellectual debt. Specifically, Cournot's influence seems to have to be restricted to the birth of the concept of surplus, whereas the critical assessment of Jevons Theory of Political Economy appears to have played a decisive role in the evolution of Marshall's problematic. However, the idea of an influence from Dupuit or Jenkin must be ruled out.

Suggested Citation

  • Rozenn Martinoia, 2000. "Le surplus des consommateurs d'Alfred Marshall : une généalogie intellectuelle," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 36(1), pages 39-58.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:caecpo:cep_0154-8344_2000_num_36_1_1272
    DOI: 10.3406/cep.2000.1272
    Note: DOI:10.3406/cep.2000.1272
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ekelund, Robert B, Jr & Shieh, Yeung-Nan, 1989. "Jevons on Utility, Exchange, and Demand Theory: A Reassessment," The Manchester School of Economic & Social Studies, University of Manchester, vol. 57(1), pages 17-33, March.
    2. Clifford L. Fry & Robert B. Ekelund, Jr., 1971. "Cournot's Demand Theory: A Reassessment," History of Political Economy, Duke University Press, vol. 3(1), pages 190-197, Spring.
    3. Donald A. Walker, 1985. "Keynes as a Historian of Economic Thought: the Biographical Essays on Neoclassical Economists," History of Political Economy, Duke University Press, vol. 17(2), pages 159-186, Summer.
    4. Robert B. Ekelund, Jr. & Robert F. Hébert, 1985. "Consumer Surplus: The First Hundred Years," History of Political Economy, Duke University Press, vol. 17(3), pages 419-454, Fall.
    5. Robert L. Bishop, 1943. "Consumer's Surplus and Cardinal Utility," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 57(3), pages 421-449.
    6. Peter C. Dooley, 1983. "Consumer's Surplus: Marshall and His Critics," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 16(1), pages 26-38, February.
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