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Impact of Harmonisation on Distribution of VAT in the Czech Republic

Author

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  • Barbora Slintáková
  • Stanislav Klazar

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyse progressivity of value added tax in the Czech Republic under the framework of both annual incidence and lifetime incidence. Moreover, impact of the harmonisation of VAT rates connected with the accession of the Czech Republic to the EU on the income distribution is examined. The burden table serves to show the distribution of the VAT burden among households by income categories; the generalised entropy measures and the Gini coefficient are used for measurement of inequality of income. Results show that the Czech VAT is regressive when annual income is analysed while the lifetime income analysis indicated that VAT is progressive. Furthermore, the results suggest that the distribution of income (annual as well as lifetime) after taxation was more equal before the harmonisation, and that impact of the changes in VAT rates in 2004 was likely larger on the lower-income households.

Suggested Citation

  • Barbora Slintáková & Stanislav Klazar, 2010. "Impact of Harmonisation on Distribution of VAT in the Czech Republic," Prague Economic Papers, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2010(2), pages 133-149.
    • Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpep:v:2010:y:2010:i:2:id:368:p:133-149
    DOI: 10.18267/j.pep.368
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alexandre Mathis, 2004. "VAT indicators," Taxation Papers 2, Directorate General Taxation and Customs Union, European Commission, revised Apr 2004.
    2. Gilbert E. Metcalf, 1994. "Lifecycle vs. Annual Perspectives on the Incidence of A Value Added Tax," NBER Working Papers 4619, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    4. Zandvakili, Sourushe & Mills, Jeffrey A., 2001. "The distributional implications of tax and transfer programs in US," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 41(2), pages 167-181.
    5. Gilbert E. Metcalf, 1994. "Life Cycle versus Annual Perspectives on the Incidence of a Value Added Tax," NBER Chapters, in: Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 8, pages 45-64, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Stéphane Mussard & Michel Terraza & Françoise Seyte, 2003. "Decomposition of Gini and the generalized entropy inequality measures," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 4(7), pages 1-6.
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    8. David Bradford, 1995. "The Distributional Analysis of Tax Policy," Books, American Enterprise Institute, number 52866, September.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Petr David, 2012. "Distribution of the increased tax burden for agricultural products and food in the Czech Republic," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 58(5), pages 239-248.
    2. Francesca Gastaldi & Paolo Liberati & Elena Pisano & Simone Tedeschi, 2014. "Progressivity-Improving VAT Reforms in Italy," Working papers 6, Società Italiana di Economia Pubblica.
    3. repec:prg:jnlpep:v:preprint:id:705:p:1-16 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Petr Janský, 2014. "Consumer Demand System Estimation and Value Added Tax Reforms in the Czech Republic," Czech Journal of Economics and Finance (Finance a uver), Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, vol. 64(3), pages 246-273, June.
    5. Daniela Šálková & Petr Kučera & Lukáš Moravec, 2017. "Effect of Introducing Second Reduced Rate of VAT on Consumer Purchase Behaviour with Gluten-free Food," Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, Mendel University Press, vol. 65(3), pages 1045-1053.
    6. Artur Świstak & Sebastian Wawrzak & Agnieszka Alińska, 2015. "In pursuit of tax equity: lessons from VAT rate structure adjustment in Poland," Financial Theory and Practice, Institute of Public Finance, vol. 39(2), pages 115-137.
    7. Artem Krasnov & Aizada Okanova & Yana Yeraliyeva & Maral Kozhakhmetova & Alma Karshalova & Madina Aitkazina, 2020. "Development of the financial policy of the Eurasian economic union countries: tax harmonization," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 8(1), pages 138-149, September.
    8. Andrea Feher & Bogdan Virgil Condea & Daniela Harangus, 2019. "Impact of Harmonization on the Implicit Tax Rate of Consumption," Prague Economic Papers, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2019(4), pages 449-464.
    9. Arsić, Milojko & Altiparmakov, Nikola, 2013. "Equity aspects of VAT in emerging European countries: A case study of Serbia," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 171-186.
    10. repec:ipf:finteo:v:39:y:2015:i:3:p:115-137 is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Zhila Abshari & Glenn P. Jenkins & Chun-Yan Kuo & Mostafa Shahee, 2021. "Progressive Taxation versus Progressive Targeted Transfers in the Design of a Sustainable Value Added Tax System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-17, October.
    12. Hodzic, Sabina & Celebi, Hulya, 2017. "Value-Added Tax And Its Efficiency: Eu–28 And Turkey," UTMS Journal of Economics, University of Tourism and Management, Skopje, Macedonia, vol. 8(2), pages 79-90.
    13. John Obiora Anyaduba & Praise Oghenefejiro Otulugbu, 2019. "Taxation and Income Inequality in Nigeria," Accounting and Finance Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 8(3), pages 118-118, August.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    value added tax; tax incidence; progressivity; redistributive effect; inequality measures; tax harmonisation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H22 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Incidence
    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies

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