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Highs and lows: Genetic susceptibility to daily events

Author

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  • Maurizio Sicorello
  • Linda Dieckmann
  • Dirk Moser
  • Vanessa Lux
  • Maike Luhmann
  • Andreas B Neubauer
  • Wolff Schlotz
  • Robert Kumsta

Abstract

Why people differ in their susceptibility to external events is essential to our understanding of personality, human development, and mental disorders. Genes explain a substantial portion of these differences. Specifically, genes influencing the serotonin system are hypothesized to be differential susceptibility factors, determining a person’s reactivity to both positive and negative environments. We tested whether genetic variation in the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) is a differential susceptibility factor for daily events. Participants (N = 326, 77% female, mean age = 25, range = 17–36) completed smartphone questionnaires four times a day over four to five days, measuring stressors, uplifts, positive and negative affect. Affect was predicted from environment valence in the previous hour on a within-person level using three-level autoregressive linear mixed models. The 5-HTTLPR fulfilled all criteria of a differential susceptibility factor: Positive affect in carriers of the short allele (S) was less reactive to both uplifts and stressors, compared to homozygous carriers of the long allele (L/L). This pattern might reflect relative affective inflexibility in S-allele carriers. Our study provides insight into the serotonin system’s general role in susceptibility and highlights the need to assess the whole spectrum of naturalistic experiences.

Suggested Citation

  • Maurizio Sicorello & Linda Dieckmann & Dirk Moser & Vanessa Lux & Maike Luhmann & Andreas B Neubauer & Wolff Schlotz & Robert Kumsta, 2020. "Highs and lows: Genetic susceptibility to daily events," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(8), pages 1-17, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0237001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. John P A Ioannidis, 2005. "Why Most Published Research Findings Are False," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 2(8), pages 1-1, August.
    2. Bates, Douglas & Mächler, Martin & Bolker, Ben & Walker, Steve, 2015. "Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 67(i01).
    3. Egon Dejonckheere & Merijn Mestdagh & Marlies Houben & Isa Rutten & Laura Sels & Peter Kuppens & Francis Tuerlinckx, 2019. "Complex affect dynamics add limited information to the prediction of psychological well-being," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 3(5), pages 478-491, May.
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    1. Margot P. Weijer & Dirk H. M. Pelt & Lianne P. Vries & Bart M. L. Baselmans & Meike Bartels, 2022. "A Re-evaluation of Candidate Gene Studies for Well-Being in Light of Genome-Wide Evidence," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 3031-3053, August.

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