IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0214525.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Artificial intelligence for understanding concussion: Retrospective cluster analysis on the balance and vestibular diagnostic data of concussion patients

Author

Listed:
  • Rosa M S Visscher
  • Nina Feddermann-Demont
  • Fausto Romano
  • Dominik Straumann
  • Giovanni Bertolini

Abstract

Objectives: We propose a bottom-up, machine-learning approach, for the objective vestibular and balance diagnostic data of concussion patients, to provide insight into the differences in patients’ phenotypes, independent of existing diagnoses (unsupervised learning). Methods: Diagnostic data from a battery of validated balance and vestibular assessments were extracted from the database of the Swiss Concussion Center. The desired number of clusters within the patient database was estimated using Calinski-Harabasz criteria. Complex (self-organizing map, SOM) and standard (k-means) clustering tools were used, and the formed clusters were compared. Results: A total of 96 patients (81.3% male, age (median [IQR]): 25.0[10.8]) who were expected to suffer from sports-related concussion or post-concussive syndrome (52[140] days between diagnostic testing and the concussive episode) were included. The cluster evaluation indicated dividing the data into two groups. Only the SOM gave a stable clustering outcome, dividing the patients in group-1 (n = 38) and group-2 (n = 58). A large significant difference was found for the caloric summary score for the maximal speed of the slow phase, where group-1 scored 30.7% lower than group-2 (27.6[18.2] vs. 51.0[31.0]). Group-1 also scored significantly lower on the sensory organisation test composite score (69.0[22.3] vs. 79.0[10.5]) and higher on the visual acuity (-0.03[0.33] vs. -0.14[0.12]) and dynamic visual acuity (0.38[0.84] vs. 0.20[0.20]) tests. The importance of caloric, SOT and DVA, was supported by the PCA outcomes. Group-1 tended to report headaches, blurred vision and balance problems more frequently than group-2 (>10% difference). Conclusion: The SOM divided the data into one group with prominent vestibular disorders and another with no clear vestibular or balance problems, suggesting that artificial intelligence might help improve the diagnostic process.

Suggested Citation

  • Rosa M S Visscher & Nina Feddermann-Demont & Fausto Romano & Dominik Straumann & Giovanni Bertolini, 2019. "Artificial intelligence for understanding concussion: Retrospective cluster analysis on the balance and vestibular diagnostic data of concussion patients," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(4), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0214525
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214525
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0214525
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0214525&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0214525?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Douglas Arneson & Guanglin Zhang & Zhe Ying & Yumei Zhuang & Hyae Ran Byun & In Sook Ahn & Fernando Gomez-Pinilla & Xia Yang, 2018. "Single cell molecular alterations reveal target cells and pathways of concussive brain injury," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Robert Tibshirani & Guenther Walther & Trevor Hastie, 2001. "Estimating the number of clusters in a data set via the gap statistic," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 63(2), pages 411-423.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Thiemo Fetzer & Samuel Marden, 2017. "Take What You Can: Property Rights, Contestability and Conflict," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 0(601), pages 757-783, May.
    2. Daniel Agness & Travis Baseler & Sylvain Chassang & Pascaline Dupas & Erik Snowberg, 2022. "Valuing the Time of the Self-Employed," CESifo Working Paper Series 9567, CESifo.
    3. Batool, Fatima & Hennig, Christian, 2021. "Clustering with the Average Silhouette Width," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    4. Nicoleta Serban & Huijing Jiang, 2012. "Multilevel Functional Clustering Analysis," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 68(3), pages 805-814, September.
    5. Orietta Nicolis & Jean Paul Maidana & Fabian Contreras & Danilo Leal, 2024. "Analyzing the Impact of COVID-19 on Economic Sustainability: A Clustering Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-30, February.
    6. Li, Pai-Ling & Chiou, Jeng-Min, 2011. "Identifying cluster number for subspace projected functional data clustering," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 55(6), pages 2090-2103, June.
    7. Yaeji Lim & Hee-Seok Oh & Ying Kuen Cheung, 2019. "Multiscale Clustering for Functional Data," Journal of Classification, Springer;The Classification Society, vol. 36(2), pages 368-391, July.
    8. Forzani, Liliana & Gieco, Antonella & Tolmasky, Carlos, 2017. "Likelihood ratio test for partial sphericity in high and ultra-high dimensions," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 18-38.
    9. Yujia Li & Xiangrui Zeng & Chien‐Wei Lin & George C. Tseng, 2022. "Simultaneous estimation of cluster number and feature sparsity in high‐dimensional cluster analysis," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 78(2), pages 574-585, June.
    10. Vojtech Blazek & Michal Petruzela & Tomas Vantuch & Zdenek Slanina & Stanislav Mišák & Wojciech Walendziuk, 2020. "The Estimation of the Influence of Household Appliances on the Power Quality in a Microgrid System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-21, August.
    11. Andrew Clark & Alexander Mihailov & Michael Zargham, 2024. "Complex Systems Modeling of Community Inclusion Currencies," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 64(2), pages 1259-1294, August.
    12. Nicoleta Serban, 2008. "Estimating and clustering curves in the presence of heteroscedastic errors," Journal of Nonparametric Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(7), pages 553-571.
    13. Caruso, Germán & Scartascini, Carlos & Tommasi, Mariano, 2015. "Are we all playing the same game? The economic effects of constitutions depend on the degree of institutionalization," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 212-228.
    14. Alessandro Crimi & Olivier Commowick & Adil Maarouf & Jean-Christophe Ferré & Elise Bannier & Ayman Tourbah & Isabelle Berry & Jean-Philippe Ranjeva & Gilles Edan & Christian Barillot, 2014. "Predictive Value of Imaging Markers at Multiple Sclerosis Disease Onset Based on Gadolinium- and USPIO-Enhanced MRI and Machine Learning," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(4), pages 1-10, April.
    15. Mehmet Çağlar & Cem Gürler, 2022. "Sustainable Development Goals: A cluster analysis of worldwide countries," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(6), pages 8593-8624, June.
    16. Elizabeth Tipton & Robert B. Olsen, "undated". "Enhancing the Generalizability of Impact Studies in Education," Mathematica Policy Research Reports 35d5625333dc480aba9765b3b, Mathematica Policy Research.
    17. Cyril Atkinson-Clement & Eléonore Pigalle, 2021. "What can we learn from Covid-19 pandemic’s impact on human behaviour? The case of France’s lockdown," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12, December.
    18. Jelle R Dalenberg & Luca Nanetti & Remco J Renken & René A de Wijk & Gert J ter Horst, 2014. "Dealing with Consumer Differences in Liking during Repeated Exposure to Food; Typical Dynamics in Rating Behavior," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(3), pages 1-11, March.
    19. Daniel Lewis & Davide Melcangi & Laura Pilossoph, 2019. "Latent Heterogeneity in the Marginal Propensity to Consume," 2019 Meeting Papers 519, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    20. Chun-Xia Zhang & Jiang-She Zhang & Sang-Woon Kim, 2016. "PBoostGA: pseudo-boosting genetic algorithm for variable ranking and selection," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 31(4), pages 1237-1262, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0214525. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.