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Differentiating weight-restored anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder using neuroimaging and psychometric markers

Author

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  • Don A Vaughn
  • Wesley T Kerr
  • Teena D Moody
  • Gigi K Cheng
  • Francesca Morfini
  • Aifeng Zhang
  • Alex D Leow
  • Michael A Strober
  • Mark S Cohen
  • Jamie D Feusner

Abstract

Anorexia nervosa (AN) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) are potentially life-threatening conditions whose partially overlapping phenomenology—distorted perception of appearance, obsessions/compulsions, and limited insight—can make diagnostic distinction difficult in some cases. Accurate diagnosis is crucial, as the effective treatments for AN and BDD differ. To improve diagnostic accuracy and clarify the contributions of each of the multiple underlying factors, we developed a two-stage machine learning model that uses multimodal, neurobiology-based, and symptom-based quantitative data as features: task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging data using body visual stimuli, graph theory metrics of white matter connectivity from diffusor tensor imaging, and anxiety, depression, and insight psychometric scores. In a sample of unmedicated adults with BDD (n = 29), unmedicated adults with weight-restored AN (n = 24), and healthy controls (n = 31), the resulting model labeled individuals with an accuracy of 76%, significantly better than the chance accuracy of 35% (p^

Suggested Citation

  • Don A Vaughn & Wesley T Kerr & Teena D Moody & Gigi K Cheng & Francesca Morfini & Aifeng Zhang & Alex D Leow & Michael A Strober & Mark S Cohen & Jamie D Feusner, 2019. "Differentiating weight-restored anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder using neuroimaging and psychometric markers," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(5), pages 1-16, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0213974
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213974
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kate Tchanturia & Helen Davies & Marion Roberts & Amy Harrison & Michiko Nakazato & Ulrike Schmidt & Janet Treasure & Robin Morris, 2012. "Poor Cognitive Flexibility in Eating Disorders: Examining the Evidence using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(1), pages 1-5, January.
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