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Increased Set Shifting Costs in Fasted Healthy Volunteers

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  • Heather M Bolton
  • Paul W Burgess
  • Sam J Gilbert
  • Lucy Serpell

Abstract

We investigated the impact of temporary food restriction on a set shifting task requiring participants to judge clusters of pictures against a frequently changing rule. 60 healthy female participants underwent two testing sessions: once after fasting for 16 hours and once in a satiated state. Participants also completed a battery of questionnaires (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]; Persistence, Perseveration and Perfectionism Questionnaire [PPPQ-22]; and Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire [EDE-Q6]). Set shifting costs were significantly increased after fasting; this effect was independent of self-reported mood and perseveration. Furthermore, higher levels of weight concern predicted a general performance decrement under conditions of fasting. We conclude that relatively short periods of fasting can lead to set shifting impairments. This finding may have relevance to studies of development, individual differences, and the interpretation of psychometric tests. It also could have implications for understanding the etiology and maintenance of eating disorders, in which impaired set shifting has been implicated.

Suggested Citation

  • Heather M Bolton & Paul W Burgess & Sam J Gilbert & Lucy Serpell, 2014. "Increased Set Shifting Costs in Fasted Healthy Volunteers," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(7), pages 1-9, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0101946
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101946
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kate Tchanturia & Helen Davies & Marion Roberts & Amy Harrison & Michiko Nakazato & Ulrike Schmidt & Janet Treasure & Robin Morris, 2012. "Poor Cognitive Flexibility in Eating Disorders: Examining the Evidence using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(1), pages 1-5, January.
    2. Kate Tchanturia & Amy Harrison & Helen Davies & Marion Roberts & Anna Oldershaw & Michiko Nakazato & Daniel Stahl & Robin Morris & Ulrike Schmidt & Janet Treasure, 2011. "Cognitive Flexibility and Clinical Severity in Eating Disorders," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(6), pages 1-5, June.
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