IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0213638.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

An analysis on rational use and affordability of medicine after the implementation of National Essential Medicines Policy and Zero Mark-up Policy in Hangzhou, China

Author

Listed:
  • Wenhui Mao
  • Yunyu Huang
  • Wen Chen

Abstract

Background: The National Essential Medicine Policy and the Zero Mark-up Policy was introduced to improve the rational use and affordability of medicine. This study analyzed the changes of medicine use at different Health Care Institutions in Hangzhou city after the implementation of National Essential Medicine Policy and the Zero Mark-up Policy. Methods: Facility based survey was conducted in 17 Health Care Institutions and 16406 outpatient prescriptions in 2011 and 2013 were collected. Average number of medicines, average number of antibiotics and average expenditure per prescription were analyzed. Comparisons between 2011 and 2013, among different levels of Health Care Institutions and age groups were conducted. Results: The average number of medicines per prescription, use of antibiotics, intramuscular (IM) injections and intravenous (IV) injections decreased while the use of hormones increased. No significant change of the average medicine expenditure per prescription was observed. Disparities among different levels of Health Care Institutions and different age groups existed. Conclusion: The problems of poly-pharmacy, overuse of antibiotics, intramuscular (IM) injections and intravenous (IV) injections and hormones still existed, however mitigated after the implementation of The National Essential Medicine Policy and the Zero Mark-up Policy.

Suggested Citation

  • Wenhui Mao & Yunyu Huang & Wen Chen, 2019. "An analysis on rational use and affordability of medicine after the implementation of National Essential Medicines Policy and Zero Mark-up Policy in Hangzhou, China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(3), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0213638
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213638
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0213638
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0213638&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0213638?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Karen Eggleston & Li Ling & Meng Qingyue & Magnus Lindelow & Adam Wagstaff, 2008. "Health service delivery in China: a literature review," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(2), pages 149-165, February.
    2. Wenhui Mao & Huyen Vu & Zening Xie & Wen Chen & Shenglan Tang, 2015. "Systematic Review on Irrational Use of Medicines in China and Vietnam," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Mingsheng Chen & Lijie Wang & Wen Chen & Luying Zhang & Hongli Jiang & Wenhui Mao, 2014. "Does Economic Incentive Matter for Rational Use of Medicine? China’s Experience from the Essential Medicines Program," PharmacoEconomics, Springer, vol. 32(3), pages 245-255, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xiaojie Sun & Xiaoyun Liu & Qiang Sun & Winnie Yip & Adam Wagstaff & Qingyue Meng, 2016. "The Impact of a Pay‐for‐Performance Scheme on Prescription Quality in Rural China," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 25(6), pages 706-722, June.
    2. Guan, Xiaodong & Tian, Ye & Song, Jiafang & Zhu, Dawei & Shi, Luwen, 2019. "Effect of physicians' knowledge on antibiotics rational use in China's county hospitals," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 224(C), pages 149-155.
    3. Currie, Janet & Lin, Wanchuan & Zhang, Wei, 2011. "Patient knowledge and antibiotic abuse: Evidence from an audit study in China," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(5), pages 933-949.
    4. Yamei Bai & Aaron Yao & Yulei Song & Guihua Xu, 2018. "Redesigning the patient classification system in China: A pilot study," Nursing & Health Sciences, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(2), pages 181-186, June.
    5. Pan, Jay & Qin, Xuezheng & Li, Qian & Messina, Joseph P. & Delamater, Paul L., 2015. "Does hospital competition improve health care delivery in China?," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 179-199.
    6. Cheung, Diana & Padieu, Ysaline, 2015. "Heterogeneity of the Effects of Health Insurance on Household Savings: Evidence from Rural China," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 84-103.
    7. Nguyen, Hong-Kong T. & Vuong, Quan-Hoang & Ho, Tung Manh & Vuong, Thu-Trang, 2018. "The “same bed, different dreams” of Vietnam and China: how (mis)trust could make or break it," OSF Preprints khtn5, Center for Open Science.
    8. Rize Jing & Tingting Xu & Xiaozhen Lai & Elham Mahmoudi & Hai Fang, 2019. "Technical Efficiency of Public and Private Hospitals in Beijing, China: A Comparative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-18, December.
    9. Qian Long & Weixi Jiang & Di Dong & Jiaying Chen & Li Xiang & Qiang Li & Fei Huang & Henry Lucas & Shenglan Tang, 2020. "A New Financing Model for Tuberculosis (TB) Care in China: Challenges of Policy Development and Lessons Learned from the Implementation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-11, February.
    10. Li Zhang & Qian Zhang & Xinru Li & Weiya Shao & Jingyu Ma & Ruijie Zhang & Angdi Zhou & Jinghua Li, 2022. "The effect of patient perceived involvement on patient loyalty in primary care: The mediating role of patient satisfaction and the moderating role of the family doctor contract service," International Journal of Health Planning and Management, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(2), pages 734-754, March.
    11. Xuanyi Nie, 2023. "The ‘medical city’ and China’s entrepreneurial state: Spatial production under rising consumerism in healthcare," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 60(6), pages 1102-1122, May.
    12. Zhou, Wenhui & Wan, Qiang & Zhang, Ren-Qian, 2017. "Choosing among hospitals in the subsidized health insurance system of China: A sequential game approach," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 257(2), pages 568-585.
    13. Shanshan Guo & Wenchao Du & Shuqing Chen & Xitong Guo & Xiaofeng Ju, 2019. "Exploring the Impact of the Rational Antibiotic Use System on Hospital Performance: The Direct Effect and the Spillover Effect," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-13, September.
    14. Tan, Jing & Liu, Tianyi & Xu, Hao, 2024. "The environmental and economic consequences of environmental centralization: Evidence from China's environmental vertical management reform," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    15. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/6741 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Chenxi Liu & Chaojie Liu & Dan Wang & Xinping Zhang, 2019. "Knowledge, Attitudes and Intentions to Prescribe Antibiotics: A Structural Equation Modeling Study of Primary Care Institutions in Hubei, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-16, July.
    17. Tabea Bork-HÜffer & Frauke Kraas, 2015. "Health Care Disparities in Megaurban China: The Ambivalent Role of Unregistered Practitioners," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 106(3), pages 339-352, July.
    18. Yunyun Jiang & Haitao Zheng & Tianhao Zhao, 2019. "Socioeconomic Status and Morbidity Rate Inequality in China: Based on NHSS and CHARLS Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-19, January.
    19. Joan Costa-Font & Frank Cowell & Xuezhu Shi & Joan Costa-i-Font, 2023. "Health Inequality and Health Insurance Coverage: The United States and China Compared," CESifo Working Paper Series 10807, CESifo.
    20. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/6741 is not listed on IDEAS
    21. Long, Qian & Klemetti, Reija & Wang, Yang & Tao, Fangbiao & Yan, Hong & Hemminki, Elina, 2012. "High caesarean section rate in rural China: Is it related to health insurance (New Co-operative Medical Scheme)?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(4), pages 733-737.
    22. Xinxin Peng & Xiaolei Tang & Yijun Chen & Jinghua Zhang, 2021. "Ranking the Healthcare Resource Factors for Public Satisfaction with Health System in China—Based on the Grey Relational Analysis Models," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-13, January.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0213638. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.