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The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Version 2 (MAIA-2)

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  • Wolf E Mehling
  • Michael Acree
  • Anita Stewart
  • Jonathan Silas
  • Alexander Jones

Abstract

Interoception, the process by which the nervous system senses, interprets, and integrates signals originating from within the body, has become major research topic for mental health and in particular for mind-body interventions. Interoceptive awareness here is defined as the conscious level of interoception with its multiple dimensions potentially accessible to self-report. The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) is an 8-scale state-trait questionnaire with 32 items to measure multiple dimensions of interoception by self-report and was published in November 2012. Its numerous applications in English and other languages revealed low internal consistency reliability for two of its scales. This study’s objective was to improve these scales and the psychometrics of the MAIA by adding three new items to each of the two scales and evaluate these in a new sample. Data were collected within a larger project that took place as part of the Live Science residency programme at the Science Museum London, UK, where visitors to the museum (N = 1,090) completed the MAIA and the six additional items. Based on exploratory factor analysis in one-half of the adult participants and Cronbach alphas, we discarded one and included five of the six additional items into a Version 2 of the MAIA and conducted confirmatory factor analysis in the other half of the participants. The 8-factor model of the resulting 37-item MAIA-2 was confirmed with appropriate fit indices (RMSEA = 0.055 [95% CI 0.052–0.058]; SRMR = 0.064) and improved internal consistency reliability. The MAIA-2 is public domain and available (www.osher.ucsf.edu/maia) for interoception research and the evaluation of clinical mind-body interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Wolf E Mehling & Michael Acree & Anita Stewart & Jonathan Silas & Alexander Jones, 2018. "The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Version 2 (MAIA-2)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(12), pages 1-12, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0208034
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208034
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Leonard Feldt, 1969. "A test of the hypothesis that cronbach's alpha or kuder-richardson coefficent twenty is the same for two tests," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 34(3), pages 363-373, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Biljana Jokić & Danka Purić, 2021. "Seeking Proxies for Internal States as a Possible Alternative for Rationality and Experientiality," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(1), pages 21582440209, January.
    2. Jennifer Todd & David Barron & Jane E Aspell & Evelyn Kheng Lin Toh & Hanoor Syahirah Zahari & Nor Azzatunnisak Mohd Khatib & Viren Swami, 2020. "Translation and validation of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(4), pages 1-19, April.

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