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NEV supply chain coordination and sustainability considering sales effort and risk aversion under the CVaR criterion

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  • Shifeng Han
  • Xingzhong Xu

Abstract

In a two-echelon new energy vehicle (NEV) supply chain consisting of a risk-neutral manufacturer and a risk-averse retailer, the coordination and sustainability problem is investigated. The risk-averse retailer, who makes sales effort and undertakes the incurred effort cost, decides the order quantity and sales effort level under the Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) criterion. We derive the optimal centralized decisions of a vertically integrated supply chain where the retailer is owned by the manufacturer. Taking such a centralized case as the benchmark, we prove that the subsidy-sharing-based wholesale price (SS-WP) contract fails to coordinate the NEV supply chain under the decentralized case where the retailer makes decisions independently. Then we design a subsidy-sharing-based sales rebate/penalty (SS-SRP) contract and derive the contract parameters to achieve coordination. We evaluate the coordination efficiency of this contract and find that a well-designed SS-SRP contract can promote the NEV sales and lead to a Pareto-improving win-win situation for both the NEV manufacturer and retailer compared to the non-coordination case. A series of numerical experiments are carried out to compare the effects of significant parameters under the SS-WP and SS-SRP contract and provide additional observations and implications, including an indication of the necessary conditions to sustainably maintain the NEV supply chain.

Suggested Citation

  • Shifeng Han & Xingzhong Xu, 2018. "NEV supply chain coordination and sustainability considering sales effort and risk aversion under the CVaR criterion," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(6), pages 1-39, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0199005
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199005
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    Cited by:

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    2. Shi, Yangyan & Feng, Yu & Zhang, Qi & Shuai, Jing & Niu, Jiangxin, 2023. "Does China's new energy vehicles supply chain stock market have risk spillovers? Evidence from raw material price effect on lithium batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).
    3. Shujian Ma & Jilong Cai & Gang Wang & Xiangxiang Ge & Ying Teng & Hua Jiang, 2024. "Research on Decision Analysis with CVaR for Supply Chain Finance Based on Blockchain Technology," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-25, January.

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