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Personal exposure measurements of school-children to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in winter of 2013, Shanghai, China

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Listed:
  • Lijun Zhang
  • Changyi Guo
  • Xiaodong Jia
  • Huihui Xu
  • Meizhu Pan
  • Dong Xu
  • Xianbiao Shen
  • Jianghua Zhang
  • Jianguo Tan
  • Hailei Qian
  • Chunyang Dong
  • Yewen Shi
  • Xiaodan Zhou
  • Chen Wu

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to perform an exposure assessment of PM2.5 (particulate matter less than 2.5μm in aerodynamic diameter) among children and to explore the potential sources of exposure from both indoor and outdoor environments. Methods: In terms of real-time exposure measurements of PM2.5, we collected data from 57 children aged 8–12 years (9.64 ± 0.93 years) in two schools in Shanghai, China. Simultaneously, questionnaire surveys and time-activity diaries were used to estimate the environment at home and daily time-activity patterns in order to estimate the exposure dose of PM2.5 in these children. Principle component regression analysis was used to explore the influence of potential sources of PM2.5 exposure. Results: All the median personal exposure and microenvironment PM2.5 concentrations greatly exceeded the daily 24-h PM2.5 Ambient Air Quality Standards of China, the USA, and the World Health Organization (WHO). The median Etotal (the sum of the PM2.5 exposure levels in different microenvironment and fractional time) of all students was 3014.13 (μg.h)/m3. The concentration of time-weighted average (TWA) exposure of all students was 137.01 μg/m3. The median TWA exposure level during the on-campus period (135.81 μg/m3) was significantly higher than the off-campus period (115.50 μg/m3, P = 0.013

Suggested Citation

  • Lijun Zhang & Changyi Guo & Xiaodong Jia & Huihui Xu & Meizhu Pan & Dong Xu & Xianbiao Shen & Jianghua Zhang & Jianguo Tan & Hailei Qian & Chunyang Dong & Yewen Shi & Xiaodan Zhou & Chen Wu, 2018. "Personal exposure measurements of school-children to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in winter of 2013, Shanghai, China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0193586
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193586
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lihui Huang & Zhongnan Pu & Mu Li & Jan Sundell, 2015. "Characterizing the Indoor-Outdoor Relationship of Fine Particulate Matter in Non-Heating Season for Urban Residences in Beijing," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(9), pages 1-17, September.
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