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Mixed methods research in tobacco control with youth and young adults: A methodological review of current strategies

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  • Craig S Fryer
  • Elizabeth L Seaman
  • Rachael S Clark
  • Vicki L Plano Clark

Abstract

Introduction: Tobacco use among young people is a complex and serious global dilemma that demands innovative and diverse research approaches. The purpose of this methodological review was to examine the current use of mixed methods research in tobacco control with youth and young adult populations and to develop practical recommendations for tobacco control researchers interested in this methodology. Methods: Using PubMed, we searched five peer-reviewed journals that publish tobacco control empirical literature for the use of mixed methods research to study young populations, age 12–25 years. Our team analyzed the features of each article in terms of tobacco control topic, population, youth engagement strategies, and several essential elements of mixed methods research. Results: We identified 23 mixed methods studies published by authors from five different countries reported between 2004 and 2015. These 23 articles examined various topics that included tobacco use behavior, tobacco marketing and branding, and cessation among youth and young adults. The most common mixed methods approach was variations of the concurrent design in which the qualitative and quantitative strands were administered at the same time and given equal priority. This review documented several innovative applications of mixed methods research as well as challenges in the reporting of the complex research designs. Conclusions: The use of mixed methods research in tobacco control has great potential for advancing the understanding of complex behavioral and sociocultural issues for all groups, especially youth and young adults.

Suggested Citation

  • Craig S Fryer & Elizabeth L Seaman & Rachael S Clark & Vicki L Plano Clark, 2017. "Mixed methods research in tobacco control with youth and young adults: A methodological review of current strategies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(8), pages 1-22, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0183471
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183471
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    1. Turner, Katrina & West, Patrick & Gordon, Jacki & Young, Robert & Sweeting, Helen, 2006. "Could the peer group explain school differences in pupil smoking rates? An exploratory study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(10), pages 2513-2525, May.
    2. Olatz Lopez-Fernandez & Jose Molina-Azorin, 2011. "The use of mixed methods research in the field of behavioural sciences," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 45(6), pages 1459-1472, October.
    3. Mair, Michael & Barlow, Alexandra & Woods, Susan E. & Kierans, Ciara & Milton, Beth & Porcellato, Lorna, 2006. "Lies, damned lies and statistics? Reliability and personal accounts of smoking among young people," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(4), pages 1009-1021, February.
    4. Nichter, Mimi & Nichter, Mark & Sickle, David Van, 2004. "Popular perceptions of tobacco products and patterns of use among male college students in India," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 59(2), pages 415-431, July.
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