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Smoking prevalence differs by location of residence among Ghanaians in Africa and Europe: The RODAM study

Author

Listed:
  • Rachel Brathwaite
  • Juliet Addo
  • Anton E Kunst
  • Charles Agyemang
  • Ellis Owusu-Dabo
  • Ama de-Graft Aikins
  • Erik Beune
  • Karlijn Meeks
  • Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch
  • Silver Bahendeka
  • Frank P Mockenhaupt
  • Stephen Amoah
  • Cecilia Galbete
  • Matthias B Schulze
  • Ina Danquah
  • Liam Smeeth

Abstract

Background: Although the prevalence of smoking is low in Ghana, little is known about the effect of migration on smoking. Comparing Ghanaians living in their country of origin to those living in Europe offers an opportunity to investigate smoking by location of residence and the associations between smoking behaviours and migration-related factors. Methods: Data on a relatively homogenous group of Ghanaians living in London (n = 949), Amsterdam (n = 1400), Berlin (n = 543), rural Ghana (n = 973) and urban Ghana (n = 1400) from the cross-sectional RODAM (Research on Obesity & Diabetes in African Migrants) study were used. Age-standardized prevalence rates of smoking by location of residence and factors associated with smoking among Ghanaian men were estimated using prevalence ratios (PR: 95% CIs). Results: Current smoking was non-existent among women in rural and urban Ghana and London but was 3.2% and 3.3% in women in Amsterdam and Berlin, respectively. Smoking prevalence was higher in men in Europe (7.8%) than in both rural and urban Ghana (4.8%): PR 1.91: 95% CI 1.27, 2.88, adjusted for age, marital status, education and employment. Conclusion: Ghanaians living in Europe are more likely to smoke than their counterparts in Ghana, suggesting convergence to European populations, although prevalence rates are still far below those in the host populations.

Suggested Citation

  • Rachel Brathwaite & Juliet Addo & Anton E Kunst & Charles Agyemang & Ellis Owusu-Dabo & Ama de-Graft Aikins & Erik Beune & Karlijn Meeks & Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch & Silver Bahendeka & Frank P Mocke, 2017. "Smoking prevalence differs by location of residence among Ghanaians in Africa and Europe: The RODAM study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(5), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0177291
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177291
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    References listed on IDEAS

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