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Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Yaoundé-Cameroon: Association with Opportunistic Infections, Depression, ART Regimen and Side Effects

Author

Listed:
  • Julius Y Fonsah
  • Alfred K Njamnshi
  • Charles Kouanfack
  • Fang Qiu
  • Dora M Njamnshi
  • Claude T Tagny
  • Emilienne Nchindap
  • Léopoldine Kenmogne
  • Dora Mbanya
  • Robert Heaton
  • Georgette D Kanmogne

Abstract

Following global efforts to increase antiretroviral therapy (ART) access in Sub-Saharan Africa, ART coverage among HIV-infected Cameroonians increased from 0% in 2003 to 22% in 2014. However, the success of current HIV treatment programs depends not only on access to ART, but also on retention in care and good treatment adherence. This is necessary to achieve viral suppression, prevent virologic failure, and reduce viral transmission and HIV/AIDS-related deaths. Previous studies in Cameroon showed poor adherence, treatment interruption, and loss to follow-up among HIV+ subjects on ART, but the factors that influence ART adherence are not well known. In the current cross-sectional study, patient/self-reported questionnaires and pharmacy medication refill data were used to quantify ART adherence and determine the factors associated with increased risk of non-adherence among HIV-infected Cameroonians. We demonstrated that drug side-effects, low CD4 cell counts and higher viral loads are associated with increased risk of non-adherence, and compared to females, males were more likely to forego ART because of side effects (p 40 years) were less likely to be non-adherent (p

Suggested Citation

  • Julius Y Fonsah & Alfred K Njamnshi & Charles Kouanfack & Fang Qiu & Dora M Njamnshi & Claude T Tagny & Emilienne Nchindap & Léopoldine Kenmogne & Dora Mbanya & Robert Heaton & Georgette D Kanmogne, 2017. "Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Yaoundé-Cameroon: Association with Opportunistic Infections, Depression, ART Regimen and Side Effects," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(1), pages 1-19, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0170893
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170893
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joseph Fokam & Jean-Bosco N Elat & Serge C Billong & Etienne Kembou & Armand S Nkwescheu & Nicolas M Obam & André Essiane & Judith N Torimiro & Gatien K Ekanmian & Alexis Ndjolo & Koulla S Shiro & Ann, 2015. "Monitoring HIV Drug Resistance Early Warning Indicators in Cameroon: A Study Following the Revised World Health Organization Recommendations," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-13, June.
    2. Matthew R Lamb & Wafaa M El-Sadr & Elvin Geng & Denis Nash, 2012. "Association of Adherence Support and Outreach Services with Total Attrition, Loss to Follow-Up, and Death among ART Patients in Sub-Saharan Africa," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(6), pages 1-12, June.
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