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Traditional Chinese Nootropic Medicine Radix Polygalae and Its Active Constituent Onjisaponin B Reduce β-Amyloid Production and Improve Cognitive Impairments

Author

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  • Xiaohang Li
  • Jin Cui
  • Yang Yu
  • Wei Li
  • Yujun Hou
  • Xin Wang
  • Dapeng Qin
  • Cun Zhao
  • Xinsheng Yao
  • Jian Zhao
  • Gang Pei

Abstract

Decline of cognitive function is the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), regardless of the pathological mechanism. Traditional Chinese medicine has been used to combat cognitive impairments and has been shown to improve learning and memory. Radix Polygalae (RAPO) is a typical and widely used herbal medicine. In this study, we aimed to follow the β-amyloid (Aβ) reduction activity to identify active constituent(s) of RAPO. We found that Onjisaponin B of RAPO functioned as RAPO to suppress Aβ production without direct inhibition of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and γ-secretase activities. Our mechanistic study showed that Onjisaponin B promoted the degradation of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Further, oral administration of Onjisaponin B ameliorated Aβ pathology and behavioral defects in APP/PS1 mice. Taken together, our results indicate that Onjisaponin B is effective against AD, providing a new therapeutic agent for further drug discovery.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaohang Li & Jin Cui & Yang Yu & Wei Li & Yujun Hou & Xin Wang & Dapeng Qin & Cun Zhao & Xinsheng Yao & Jian Zhao & Gang Pei, 2016. "Traditional Chinese Nootropic Medicine Radix Polygalae and Its Active Constituent Onjisaponin B Reduce β-Amyloid Production and Improve Cognitive Impairments," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(3), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0151147
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151147
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    1. Dominic M. Walsh & Igor Klyubin & Julia V. Fadeeva & William K. Cullen & Roger Anwyl & Michael S. Wolfe & Michael J. Rowan & Dennis J. Selkoe, 2002. "Naturally secreted oligomers of amyloid β protein potently inhibit hippocampal long-term potentiation in vivo," Nature, Nature, vol. 416(6880), pages 535-539, April.
    2. Sylvain Lesné & Ming Teng Koh & Linda Kotilinek & Rakez Kayed & Charles G. Glabe & Austin Yang & Michela Gallagher & Karen H. Ashe, 2006. "RETRACTED ARTICLE: A specific amyloid-β protein assembly in the brain impairs memory," Nature, Nature, vol. 440(7082), pages 352-357, March.
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