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Factors Associated with Long-Term Sickness Absence Due to Mental Disorders: A Cohort Study of 7.112 Patients during the Spanish Economic Crisis

Author

Listed:
  • Eva Real
  • Lluís Jover
  • Ricard Verdaguer
  • Antoni Griera
  • Cinto Segalàs
  • Pino Alonso
  • Fernando Contreras
  • Antoni Arteman
  • José M Menchón

Abstract

Background: Mental health problems are very common and often lead to prolonged sickness absence, having serious economic repercussions for most European countries. Periods of economic crisis are important social phenomena that are assumed to increase sickness absence due to mental disorders, although research on this topic remains scarce. The aim of this study was to gather data on long-term sickness absence (and relapse) due to mental disorders in Spain during a period of considerable socio-economic crisis. Methods: Relationships were analyzed (using chi-squared tests and multivariate modelling via binary logistic regression) between clinical, social/employment-related and demographic factors associated and long-term sickness absence (>60 consecutive days) due to mental disorders in a cohort of 7112 Spanish patients during the period 2008–2012. Results: Older age, severe mental disorders, being self-employed, having a non-permanent contract, and working in the real estate and construction sector were associated with an increased probability of long-term sickness absence (gender had a mediating role with respect to some of these variables). Relapses were associated with short-term sick leave (return to work due to ‘improvement’) and with working in the transport sector and public administration. Conclusions: Aside from medical factors, other social/employment-related and demographic factors have a significant influence on the duration of sickness absence due to mental disorders.

Suggested Citation

  • Eva Real & Lluís Jover & Ricard Verdaguer & Antoni Griera & Cinto Segalàs & Pino Alonso & Fernando Contreras & Antoni Arteman & José M Menchón, 2016. "Factors Associated with Long-Term Sickness Absence Due to Mental Disorders: A Cohort Study of 7.112 Patients during the Spanish Economic Crisis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0146382
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146382
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    1. Fernando Navarro-Mateu & Mª José Tormo & Diego Salmerón & Gemma Vilagut & Carmen Navarro & Guadalupe Ruíz-Merino & Teresa Escámez & Javier Júdez & Salvador Martínez & Ron C Kessler & Jordi Alonso, 2015. "Prevalence of Mental Disorders in the South-East of Spain, One of the European Regions Most Affected by the Economic Crisis: The Cross-Sectional PEGASUS-Murcia Project," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(9), pages 1-22, September.
    2. Iris Arends & Ute Bültmann & Willem van Rhenen & Henk Groen & Jac J L van der Klink, 2013. "Economic Evaluation of a Problem Solving Intervention to Prevent Recurrent Sickness Absence in Workers with Common Mental Disorders," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(8), pages 1-1, August.
    3. Arends, Iris & Bültmann, Ute & Nielsen, Karina & van Rhenen, Willem & de Boer, Michiel R. & van der Klink, Jac J.L., 2014. "Process evaluation of a problem solving intervention to prevent recurrent sickness absence in workers with common mental disorders," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 123-132.
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    1. Murcia López, Guillermo & Delclós Clanchet, Jordi & Ubalde López, Mònica & Calvo Bonacho, Eva & Benavides, Fernando G., 2016. "Has the Spanish economic crisis affected the duration of sickness absence episodes?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 29-34.

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