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Work Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Police Officers. A Prospective Study

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  • Sergio Garbarino
  • Nicola Magnavita

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the association between occupational stress and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a rapid response police unit. Method: Work-related stress was continuously monitored during the 5-year period with both the Demand-Control-Support (DCS) and the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) models. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose were measured at baseline in January 2009, and in January 2014. 234 out of 290 police officers (81%) completed the follow-up. Results: The majority of police officers had high stress levels. At follow-up, police officers in the highest quartile of stress had significantly higher mean levels of triglycerides, and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol than their colleagues in the lowest quartile. Police officers with high stress had an increased adjusted risk of developing MetS (aOR = 2.68; CI95% = 1.08–6.70), and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR = 7.86; CI95 = 1.29–48.04). Demand and Effort were significant predictors of MetS. Conclusion: Our study supports the hypothesis that work-related stress induces MetS, particularly through its effects on blood lipids. Future longitudinal studies with continuous monitoring of stress levels will definitively confirm this hypothesis.

Suggested Citation

  • Sergio Garbarino & Nicola Magnavita, 2015. "Work Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Police Officers. A Prospective Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(12), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0144318
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144318
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nicola Magnavita, 2015. "Work-Related Psychological Injury Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Components in Apparently Healthy Workers," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-10, June.
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    1. Sergio Garbarino & Ottavia Guglielmi & Matteo Puntoni & Nicola Luigi Bragazzi & Nicola Magnavita, 2019. "Sleep Quality among Police Officers: Implications and Insights from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Literature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-15, March.
    2. Daniela Acquadro Maran & Nicola Magnavita & Sergio Garbarino, 2022. "Identifying Organizational Stressors That Could Be a Source of Discomfort in Police Officers: A Thematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-12, March.
    3. Filip Kukić & Katie M. Heinrich & Nenad Koropanovski & Walker S. C. Poston & Aleksandar Čvorović & J. Jay Dawes & Robin Orr & Milivoj Dopsaj, 2020. "Differences in Body Composition across Police Occupations and Moderation Effects of Leisure Time Physical Activity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-13, September.
    4. Nicola Magnavita & Sergio Garbarino, 2017. "Sleep, Health and Wellness at Work: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-18, November.
    5. Xinrui Wu & Qian Liu & Qi Li & Zhengwen Tian & Hongzhuan Tan, 2019. "Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Determinants among Criminal Police Officers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-12, April.
    6. René Schilling & Flora Colledge & Uwe Pühse & Markus Gerber, 2020. "Stress-buffering effects of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on metabolic syndrome: A prospective study in police officers," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(7), pages 1-21, July.
    7. Tomasz Lepionka & Anna Anyżewska & Ewelina Maculewicz & Krzysztof Klos & Roman Lakomy & Ewa Szarska & Andrzej Tomczak & Agata Gaździńska & Katarzyna Skuza & Jerzy Bertrandt, 2022. "Assessment of the Body Composition and Bone Calcification of Students of Police Schools and Police Training Centers in Poland—A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-11, June.
    8. Johannes Siegrist & Jian Li, 2017. "Work Stress and Altered Biomarkers: A Synthesis of Findings Based on the Effort–Reward Imbalance Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-18, November.
    9. Sergio Garbarino & Giovanni Tripepi & Nicola Magnavita, 2020. "Sleep Health Promotion in the Workplace," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-14, October.
    10. Nicola Magnavita & Paolo Maurizio Soave & Walter Ricciardi & Massimo Antonelli, 2020. "Occupational Stress and Mental Health among Anesthetists during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-14, November.
    11. Cho, Eunae & Chen, Miaohua & Toh, Shi Min & Ang, Jansen, 2021. "Roles of effort and reward in well-being for police officers in Singapore: The effort-reward imbalance model," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    12. Sergio Garbarino & Nicola Magnavita, 2019. "Sleep problems are a strong predictor of stress-related metabolic changes in police officers. A prospective study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(10), pages 1-19, October.
    13. Filip Kukić & Dane Subošić & Katie M. Heinrich & Gianpiero Greco & Nenad Koropanovski, 2021. "Psychometric Properties of the Serbian Version of the Operational and Organizational Police Stress Questionnaires," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-11, December.

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