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Delay-Dependent Response in Weakly Electric Fish under Closed-Loop Pulse Stimulation

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  • Caroline Garcia Forlim
  • Reynaldo Daniel Pinto
  • Pablo Varona
  • Francisco B Rodríguez

Abstract

In this paper, we apply a real time activity-dependent protocol to study how freely swimming weakly electric fish produce and process the timing of their own electric signals. Specifically, we address this study in the elephant fish, Gnathonemus petersii, an animal that uses weak discharges to locate obstacles or food while navigating, as well as for electro-communication with conspecifics. To investigate how the inter pulse intervals vary in response to external stimuli, we compare the response to a simple closed-loop stimulation protocol and the signals generated without electrical stimulation. The activity-dependent stimulation protocol explores different stimulus delivery delays relative to the fish’s own electric discharges. We show that there is a critical time delay in this closed-loop interaction, as the largest changes in inter pulse intervals occur when the stimulation delay is below 100 ms. We also discuss the implications of these findings in the context of information processing in weakly electric fish.

Suggested Citation

  • Caroline Garcia Forlim & Reynaldo Daniel Pinto & Pablo Varona & Francisco B Rodríguez, 2015. "Delay-Dependent Response in Weakly Electric Fish under Closed-Loop Pulse Stimulation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(10), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0141007
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gerhard von der Emde & Stephan Schwarz & Leonel Gomez & Ruben Budelli & Kirsty Grant, 1998. "Electric fish measure distance in the dark," Nature, Nature, vol. 395(6705), pages 890-894, October.
    2. Caroline G Forlim & Reynaldo D Pinto, 2014. "Automatic Realistic Real Time Stimulation/Recording in Weakly Electric Fish: Long Time Behavior Characterization in Freely Swimming Fish and Stimuli Discrimination," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(1), pages 1-14, January.
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    2. Caroline G Forlim & Reynaldo D Pinto, 2014. "Automatic Realistic Real Time Stimulation/Recording in Weakly Electric Fish: Long Time Behavior Characterization in Freely Swimming Fish and Stimuli Discrimination," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(1), pages 1-14, January.

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