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State Variations in Women’s Socioeconomic Status and Use of Modern Contraceptives in Nigeria

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  • Esther O Lamidi

Abstract

Background: According to the 2014 World Population Data Sheet, Nigeria has one of the highest fertility and lowest contraceptive prevalence rates around the world. However, research suggests that national contraceptive prevalence rate overshadows enormous spatial variations in reproductive behavior in the country. Objective: I examined the variations in women’s socioeconomic status and modern contraceptive use across states in Nigeria. Methods: Using the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data (n = 18,910), I estimated the odds of modern contraceptive use among sexually active married and cohabiting women in a series of multilevel logistic regression models. Results: The share of sexually active, married and cohabiting women using modern contraceptives widely varied, from less than one percent in Kano, Yobe, and Jigawa states, to 40 percent in Osun state. Most of the states with low contraceptive prevalence rates also ranked low on women’s socioeconomic attributes. Results of multilevel logistic regression analyses showed that women residing in states with greater shares of women with secondary or higher education, higher female labor force participation rates, and more women with health care decision-making power, had significantly higher odds of using modern contraceptives. Differences in women’s participation in health care decisions across states remained significantly associated with modern contraceptive use, net of individual-level socioeconomic status and other covariates of modern contraceptive use. Conclusion: Understanding of state variations in contraceptive use is crucial to the design and implementation of family planning programs. The findings reinforce the need for state-specific family planning programs in Nigeria.

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  • Esther O Lamidi, 2015. "State Variations in Women’s Socioeconomic Status and Use of Modern Contraceptives in Nigeria," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(8), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0135172
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135172
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stephenson, R. & Baschieri, A. & Clements, S. & Hennink, M. & Madise, N., 2007. "Contextual influences on modern contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(7), pages 1233-1240.
    2. Sharad Kumar Sharma & Naresh Pratap & Dhruba Raj Ghimire, 2011. "Ethnic differentials of the impact of Family Planning Program on contraceptive use in Nepal," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 25(27), pages 837-868.
    3. Sajeda Amin & Alaka Basu & Rob Stephenson, 2002. "Spatial variation in contraceptive use in Bangladesh: Looking Beyond the borders," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 39(2), pages 251-267, May.
    4. Bina Agarwal, 1997. "''Bargaining'' and Gender Relations: Within and Beyond the Household," Feminist Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 3(1), pages 1-51.
    5. Barbara Entwisle & William Mason & Albert Hermalin, 1986. "The multilevel dependence of contraceptive use on socioeconomic development and family planning program strength," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 23(2), pages 199-216, May.
    6. Øystein Kravdal, 2006. "A simulation-based assessment of the bias produced when using averages from small DHS clusters as contextual variables in multilevel models," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20.
    7. Agarwal, Bina, 1997. "Bargaining and gender relations: within and beyond the household," FCND discussion papers 27, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
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    1. Samuel H Nyarko, 2020. "Spatial variations and socioeconomic determinants of modern contraceptive use in Ghana: A Bayesian multilevel analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(3), pages 1-12, March.

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