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Associations between Work Environment and Psychological Distress after a Workplace Terror Attack: The Importance of Role Expectations, Predictability and Leader Support

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  • Marianne Skogbrott Birkeland
  • Morten Birkeland Nielsen
  • Stein Knardahl
  • Trond Heir

Abstract

Experiencing terrorism is associated with high levels of psychological distress among survivors. The aim of the present study was to examine whether work environmental factors such as role clarity and predictability, role conflicts, and leader support may protect against elevated levels of psychological distress after a workplace terrorist attack. Data from approximately 1800 ministerial employees were collected ten months after the 2011 Oslo bombing attack which targeted the Norwegian ministries. The results show that after a traumatic event, lower role conflicts, higher role clarity, higher predictability, and higher leader support were independently associated with lower psychological distress. These findings suggest that the workplace environment may be a facilitator of employees’ mental health after stressful events.

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  • Marianne Skogbrott Birkeland & Morten Birkeland Nielsen & Stein Knardahl & Trond Heir, 2015. "Associations between Work Environment and Psychological Distress after a Workplace Terror Attack: The Importance of Role Expectations, Predictability and Leader Support," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-8, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0119492
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119492
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stephen A Stansfeld & Martin J Shipley & Jenny Head & Rebecca Fuhrer & Mika Kivimaki, 2013. "Work Characteristics and Personal Social Support as Determinants of Subjective Well-Being," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(11), pages 1-8, November.
    2. Live Bakke Finne & Jan Olav Christensen & Stein Knardahl, 2014. "Psychological and Social Work Factors as Predictors of Mental Distress: A Prospective Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(7), pages 1-12, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Trond Heir & Elise Hansen Stokke & Karina Pauline Tvenge, 2021. "The Role of Workplace on Work Participation and Sick Leave after a Terrorist Attack: A Qualitative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-14, February.
    2. Hyo Sun Jung & Hye Hyun Yoon, 2020. "How Does Sexual Harassment Influence the Female Employee’s Negative Response in a Deluxe Hotel?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-13, December.

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