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Impact of Multimorbidity on Disability and Quality of Life in the Spanish Older Population

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  • Noe Garin
  • Beatriz Olaya
  • Maria Victoria Moneta
  • Marta Miret
  • Antonio Lobo
  • Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos
  • Josep Maria Haro

Abstract

Background: Population aging is closely related to high prevalence of chronic conditions in developed countries. In this context, health care policies aim to increase life span cost-effectively while maintaining quality of life and functional ability. There is still, however, a need for further understanding of how chronic conditions affect these health aspects. The aim of this paper is to assess the individual and combined impact of chronic physical and mental conditions on quality of life and disability in Spain, and secondly to show gender trends. Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from the COURAGE study. A total of 3,625 participants over 50 years old from Spain were included. Crude and adjusted multiple linear regressions were conducted to detect associations between individual chronic conditions and disability, and between chronic conditions and quality of life. Separate models were used to assess the influence of the number of diseases on the same variables. Additional analogous regressions were performed for males and females. Results: All chronic conditions except hypertension were statistically associated with poor results in quality of life and disability. Depression, anxiety and stroke were found to have the greatest impact on outcomes. The number of chronic conditions was associated with substantially lower quality of life [β for 4+ diseases: −18.10 (−20.95,−15.25)] and greater disability [β for 4+ diseases: 27.64 (24.99,30.29]. In general, women suffered from higher rates of multimorbidity and poorer results in quality of life and disability. Conclusions: Chronic conditions impact greatly on quality of life and disability in the older Spanish population, especially when co-occurring diseases are added. Multimorbidity considerations should be a priority in the development of future health policies focused on quality of life and disability. Further studies would benefit from an expanded selection of diseases. Policies should also deal with gender idiosyncrasy in certain cases.

Suggested Citation

  • Noe Garin & Beatriz Olaya & Maria Victoria Moneta & Marta Miret & Antonio Lobo & Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos & Josep Maria Haro, 2014. "Impact of Multimorbidity on Disability and Quality of Life in the Spanish Older Population," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(11), pages 1-12, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0111498
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111498
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    Cited by:

    1. Yu-Chen Chang & Grace Yao & Susan C Hu & Jung-Der Wang, 2015. "Depression Affects the Scores of All Facets of the WHOQOL-BREF and May Mediate the Effects of Physical Disability among Community-Dwelling Older Adults," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(5), pages 1-11, May.
    2. Manuel B. Huber & Peter Reitmeir & Martin Vogelmann & Reiner Leidl, 2016. "EQ-5D-5L in the General German Population: Comparison and Evaluation of Three Yearly Cross-Section Surveys," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-12, March.
    3. Valentin Walker & Christine Perret-Guillaume & Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot & Nelly Agrinier & Serge Hercberg & Pilar Galan & Karen E Assmann & Serge Briançon & Christine Rotonda, 2016. "Effect of Multimorbidity on Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults Aged 55 Years or Older: Results from the SU.VI.MAX 2 Cohort," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(12), pages 1-15, December.
    4. Irene G. M. Wijers & Alba Ayala & Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez & Angel Rodriguez-Laso & Pilar Rodriguez-García & Alexandra Prados-Torres & Vicente Rodriguez-Rodriguez & Maria João Forjaz, 2019. "The Disease Burden Morbidity Assessment in older adults and its association with mortality and other health outcomes," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 16(2), pages 193-203, June.
    5. Lara, Elvira & Moreno-Agostino, Darío & Martín-María, Natalia & Miret, Marta & Rico-Uribe, Laura Alejandra & Olaya, Beatriz & Cabello, María & Haro, Josep Maria & Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis, 2020. "Exploring the effect of loneliness on all-cause mortality: Are there differences between older adults and younger and middle-aged adults?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    6. Jianjian Liu & Wei Yu & Jiayi Zhou & Yifan Yang & Shuoni Chen & Shaotang Wu, 2020. "Relationship between the Number of Noncommunicable Diseases and Health-Related Quality of Life in Chinese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-11, July.

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