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Mitochondrial DNA from El Mirador Cave (Atapuerca, Spain) Reveals the Heterogeneity of Chalcolithic Populations

Author

Listed:
  • Daniel Gómez-Sánchez
  • Iñigo Olalde
  • Federica Pierini
  • Laura Matas-Lalueza
  • Elena Gigli
  • Martina Lari
  • Sergi Civit
  • Marina Lozano
  • Josep Maria Vergès
  • David Caramelli
  • Oscar Ramírez
  • Carles Lalueza-Fox

Abstract

Previous mitochondrial DNA analyses on ancient European remains have suggested that the current distribution of haplogroup H was modeled by the expansion of the Bell Beaker culture (ca 4,500–4,050 years BP) out of Iberia during the Chalcolithic period. However, little is known on the genetic composition of contemporaneous Iberian populations that do not carry the archaeological tool kit defining this culture. Here we have retrieved mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from 19 individuals from a Chalcolithic sample from El Mirador cave in Spain, dated to 4,760–4,200 years BP and we have analyzed the haplogroup composition in the context of modern and ancient populations. Regarding extant African, Asian and European populations, El Mirador shows affinities with Near Eastern groups. In different analyses with other ancient samples, El Mirador clusters with Middle and Late Neolithic populations from Germany, belonging to the Rössen, the Salzmünde and the Baalberge archaeological cultures but not with contemporaneous Bell Beakers. Our analyses support the existence of a common genetic signal between Western and Central Europe during the Middle and Late Neolithic and points to a heterogeneous genetic landscape among Chalcolithic groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Gómez-Sánchez & Iñigo Olalde & Federica Pierini & Laura Matas-Lalueza & Elena Gigli & Martina Lari & Sergi Civit & Marina Lozano & Josep Maria Vergès & David Caramelli & Oscar Ramírez & Carles , 2014. "Mitochondrial DNA from El Mirador Cave (Atapuerca, Spain) Reveals the Heterogeneity of Chalcolithic Populations," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(8), pages 1-8, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0105105
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105105
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul Brotherton & Wolfgang Haak & Jennifer Templeton & Guido Brandt & Julien Soubrier & Christina Jane Adler & Stephen M. Richards & Clio Der Sarkissian & Robert Ganslmeier & Susanne Friederich & Veit, 2013. "Neolithic mitochondrial haplogroup H genomes and the genetic origins of Europeans," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 4(1), pages 1-11, June.
    2. Iñigo Olalde & Morten E. Allentoft & Federico Sánchez-Quinto & Gabriel Santpere & Charleston W. K. Chiang & Michael DeGiorgio & Javier Prado-Martinez & Juan Antonio Rodríguez & Simon Rasmussen & Javie, 2014. "Derived immune and ancestral pigmentation alleles in a 7,000-year-old Mesolithic European," Nature, Nature, vol. 507(7491), pages 225-228, March.
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