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Population-Level Correlates of Preterm Delivery among Black and White Women in the U.S

Author

Listed:
  • Suzan L Carmichael
  • Mark R Cullen
  • Jonathan A Mayo
  • Jeffrey B Gould
  • Pooja Loftus
  • David K Stevenson
  • Paul H Wise
  • Gary M Shaw

Abstract

Objective: This study examined the ability of social, demographic, environmental and health-related factors to explain geographic variability in preterm delivery among black and white women in the US and whether these factors explain black-white disparities in preterm delivery. Methods: We examined county-level prevalence of preterm delivery (20–31 or 32–36 weeks gestation) among singletons born 1998–2002. We conducted multivariable linear regression analysis to estimate the association of selected variables with preterm delivery separately for each preterm/race-ethnicity group. Results: The prevalence of preterm delivery varied two- to three-fold across U.S. counties, and the distributions were strikingly distinct for blacks and whites. Among births to blacks, regression models explained 46% of the variability in county-level risk of delivery at 20–31 weeks and 55% for delivery at 32–36 weeks (based on R-squared values). Respective percentages for whites were 67% and 71%. Models included socio-environmental/demographic and health-related variables and explained similar amounts of variability overall. Conclusions: Much of the geographic variability in preterm delivery in the US can be explained by socioeconomic, demographic and health-related characteristics of the population, but less so for blacks than whites.

Suggested Citation

  • Suzan L Carmichael & Mark R Cullen & Jonathan A Mayo & Jeffrey B Gould & Pooja Loftus & David K Stevenson & Paul H Wise & Gary M Shaw, 2014. "Population-Level Correlates of Preterm Delivery among Black and White Women in the U.S," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(4), pages 1-6, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0094153
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094153
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mark R Cullen & Clint Cummins & Victor R Fuchs, 2012. "Geographic and Racial Variation in Premature Mortality in the U.S.: Analyzing the Disparities," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(4), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Smedley, B.D., 2012. "The lived experience of race and its health consequences," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(5), pages 933-935.
    3. Sari Räisänen & Mika Gissler & Juho Saari & Michael Kramer & Seppo Heinonen, 2013. "Contribution of Risk Factors to Extremely, Very and Moderately Preterm Births – Register-Based Analysis of 1,390,742 Singleton Births," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(4), pages 1-7, April.
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    1. Borrell, Luisa N. & Kodali, Hanish & Rodriguez-Alvarez, Elena, 2021. "Interracial/ethnic marriage and adverse birth outcomes: The effect of neighborhood racial/ethnic composition," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).

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