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Motion-Induced Blindness and Troxler Fading: Common and Different Mechanisms

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  • Yoram S Bonneh
  • Tobias H Donner
  • Alexander Cooperman
  • David J Heeger
  • Dov Sagi

Abstract

Extended stabilization of gaze leads to disappearance of dim visual targets presented peripherally. This phenomenon, known as Troxler fading, is thought to result from neuronal adaptation. Intense targets also disappear intermittently when surrounded by a moving pattern (the “mask”), a phenomenon known as motion-induced blindness (MIB). The similar phenomenology and dynamics of these disappearances may suggest that also MIB is, likewise, solely due to adaptation, which may be amplified by the presence of the mask. Here we directly compared the dependence of both phenomena on target contrast. Observers reported the disappearance and reappearance of a target of varying intensity (contrast levels: 8%–80%). MIB was induced by adding a mask that moved at one of various different speeds. The results revealed a lawful effect of contrast in both MIB and Troxler fading, but with opposite trends. Increasing target contrast increased (doubled) the rate of disappearance events for MIB, but decreased the disappearance rate to half in Troxler fading. The target mean invisible period decreased equally strongly with target contrast in MIB and in Troxler fading. The results suggest that both MIB and Troxler are equally affected by contrast adaptation, but that the rate of MIB is governed by an additional mechanism, possibly involving antagonistic processes between neuronal populations processing target and mask. Our results link MIB to other bi-stable visual phenomena that involve neuronal competition (such as binocular rivalry), which exhibit an analogous dependency on the strength of the competing stimulus components.

Suggested Citation

  • Yoram S Bonneh & Tobias H Donner & Alexander Cooperman & David J Heeger & Dov Sagi, 2014. "Motion-Induced Blindness and Troxler Fading: Common and Different Mechanisms," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(3), pages 1-8, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0092894
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092894
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guido Gigante & Maurizio Mattia & Jochen Braun & Paolo Del Giudice, 2009. "Bistable Perception Modeled as Competing Stochastic Integrations at Two Levels," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(7), pages 1-9, July.
    2. Yoram S. Bonneh & Alexander Cooperman & Dov Sagi, 2001. "Motion-induced blindness in normal observers," Nature, Nature, vol. 411(6839), pages 798-801, June.
    3. Uri Polat & Keiko Mizobe & Mark W. Pettet & Takuji Kasamatsu & Anthony M. Norcia, 1998. "Collinear stimuli regulate visual responses depending on cell's contrast threshold," Nature, Nature, vol. 391(6667), pages 580-584, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Dina Devyatko & Alexander Pastukhov, 2018. "Extrinsic grouping factors in motion-induced blindness," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(1), pages 1-14, January.

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