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Socioeconomic Status and Stroke Prevalence in Morocco: Results from the Rabat-Casablanca Study

Author

Listed:
  • Thomas Engels
  • Quentin Baglione
  • Martine Audibert
  • Anne Viallefont
  • Fouzi Mourji
  • Mustapha El Alaoui Faris
  • for the GRAVCM Study Group

Abstract

Background: Stroke is a growing public health concern in low- and middle- income countries. Improved knowledge about the association between socioeconomic status and stroke in these countries would enable the development of effective stroke prevention and management strategies. This study presents the association between socioeconomic status and the prevalence of stroke in Morocco, a lower middle-income country. Methods: Data on the prevalence of stroke and stroke-related risk factors were collected during a large population-based survey. The diagnosis of stroke in surviving patients was confirmed by neurologists while health, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics of households were collected using structured questionnaires. We used Multiple Correspondence Analysis to develop a wealth index based on characteristics of the household dwelling as well as ownership of selected assets. We used logistic regressions controlling for multiple variables to assess the statistical association between socioeconomic status and stroke. Findings: Our results showed a significant association between household socioeconomic status and the prevalence of stroke. This relationship was non-linear, with individuals from both the poorest (mainly rural) and richest (mainly urban) households having a lower prevalence of stroke as compared to individuals with medium wealth level. The latter belonged mainly to urban households with a lower socioeconomic status. When taking into account the urban population only, we observed that a third of poorest households experienced a significantly higher prevalence of stroke compared to the richest third (OR = 2.06; CI 95%: 1.09; 3.89). Conclusion: We conclude that individuals from the most deprived urban households bear a higher risk of stroke than the rest of the population in Morocco. This result can be explained to a certain extent by the higher presence of behavioral risk factors in this specific category of the population, which leads in turn to metabolic and physiological risk factors of stroke, such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Engels & Quentin Baglione & Martine Audibert & Anne Viallefont & Fouzi Mourji & Mustapha El Alaoui Faris & for the GRAVCM Study Group, 2014. "Socioeconomic Status and Stroke Prevalence in Morocco: Results from the Rabat-Casablanca Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(2), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0089271
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089271
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sahn, David E. & Stifel, David C., 2000. "Poverty Comparisons Over Time and Across Countries in Africa," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 28(12), pages 2123-2155, December.
    2. Colin D Mathers & Dejan Loncar, 2006. "Projections of Global Mortality and Burden of Disease from 2002 to 2030," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 3(11), pages 1-20, November.
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