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Increased Risk of Dementia in Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Nationwide Cohort Study

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  • Yi-Kung Lee
  • Sheng-Wen Hou
  • Ching-Chih Lee
  • Chen-Yang Hsu
  • Yung-Sung Huang
  • Yung-Cheng Su

Abstract

Background: It is known that the risk of dementia in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is higher. However, the relationship between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and dementia has never been established. Objectives: We investigated the incidences of dementia among patients with mTBI in Taiwan to evaluate if there is higher risk compared with general population. Methods: We utilized a sampled National Health Insurance (NHI) claims data containing one million beneficiaries. We followed all adult beneficiaries from January 1, 2005 till December 31, 2009 to see if they had been diagnosed with dementia. We further identify patients with mTBI and compared their risk of dementia with the general population. Results: We identified 28551 patients with mTBI and 692382 without. After controlled for age, gender, urbanization level, socioeconomic status, diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, hyperlipidemia, history of alcohol intoxication, history of ischemic stroke, history of intracranial hemorrhage and Charlson Comorbidity Index Score, the adjusted hazard ratio is 3.26 (95% Confidence interval, 2.69–3.94). Conclusions: TBI is an independent significant risk factor of developing dementia even in the mild type.

Suggested Citation

  • Yi-Kung Lee & Sheng-Wen Hou & Ching-Chih Lee & Chen-Yang Hsu & Yung-Sung Huang & Yung-Cheng Su, 2013. "Increased Risk of Dementia in Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Nationwide Cohort Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(5), pages 1-7, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0062422
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062422
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ching-Chih Lee & Hsu-Chueh Ho & Yu-Chieh Su & Brian C-H Chiu & Yung-Cheng Su & Yi-Da Lee & Pesus Chou & Sou-Hsin Chien & Yung-Sung Huang, 2012. "Increased Risk of Vascular Events in Emergency Room Patients Discharged Home with Diagnosis of Dizziness or Vertigo: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(4), pages 1-9, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sheng-Wen Hou & Yi-Kung Lee & Chen-Yang Hsu & Ching-Chih Lee & Yung-Cheng Su, 2013. "Increased Risk of Acute Pancreatitis in Patients with Chronic Hemodialysis: A 4-Year Follow-Up Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(8), pages 1-6, August.
    2. Yanjun Li & Yongming Li & Xiaotao Li & Shuang Zhang & Jincheng Zhao & Xiaofeng Zhu & Guozhong Tian, 2017. "Head Injury as a Risk Factor for Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 32 Observational Studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(1), pages 1-17, January.
    3. Shih-Wei Liu & Liang-Chung Huang & Wu-Fu Chung & Hsuan-Kan Chang & Jau-Ching Wu & Li-Fu Chen & Yu-Chun Chen & Wen-Cheng Huang & Henrich Cheng & Su-Shun Lo, 2017. "Increased Risk of Stroke in Patients of Concussion: A Nationwide Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-12, February.

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