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Difference Inadaptive Dispersal Ability Can Promote Species Coexistence in Fluctuating Environments

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  • Wei-Ting Lin
  • Chih-hao Hsieh
  • Takeshi Miki

Abstract

Theories and empirical evidence suggest that random dispersal of organisms promotes species coexistence in spatially structured environments. However, directed dispersal, where movement is adjusted with fitness-related cues, is less explored in studies of dispersal-mediated coexistence. Here, we present a metacommunity model of two consumers exhibiting directed dispersal and competing for a single resource. Our results indicated that directed dispersal promotes coexistence through two distinct mechanisms, depending on the adaptiveness of dispersal. Maladaptive directed dispersal may promote coexistence similar to random dispersal. More importantly, directed dispersal is adaptive when dispersers track patches of increased resources in fluctuating environments. Coexistence is promoted under increased adaptive dispersal ability of the inferior competitor relative to the superior competitor. This newly described dispersal-mediated coexistence mechanism is likely favored by natural selection under the trade-off between competitive and adaptive dispersal abilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Wei-Ting Lin & Chih-hao Hsieh & Takeshi Miki, 2013. "Difference Inadaptive Dispersal Ability Can Promote Species Coexistence in Fluctuating Environments," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(2), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0055218
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055218
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kristin E. France & J. Emmett Duffy, 2006. "Diversity and dispersal interactively affect predictability of ecosystem function," Nature, Nature, vol. 441(7097), pages 1139-1143, June.
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