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Import competition and disappearing dividends

Author

Listed:
  • Jun Zhou

    (Rowe School of Business, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada)

  • Laurence Booth

    (Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada)

  • Bin Chang

    (Faculty of Business and IT, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Canada)

Abstract

Import competition has had an enormous impact on the US economy. This paper looks at whether such competition has increased the risk of US firms and is a factor that can partly explain the Fama–French disappearing dividends phenomenon. We show that firms facing more import competition do face more uncertainty in their future performance, and are less likely to pay a dividend. Import penetration through a risk channel has significant explanatory power, even after we include a variety of controls suggested in the literature, as well as Herfindahl index that controls for market power. Further, we can explain a significant part of the disappearing dividends phenomenon. Finally, we also find evidence that import competition contributes to the substitution of share repurchases for cash dividends. We are the first to document the impact that increased import competition and “globalization” have had on the dividend policy of US firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Jun Zhou & Laurence Booth & Bin Chang, 2013. "Import competition and disappearing dividends," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 44(2), pages 138-154, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:jintbs:v:44:y:2013:i:2:p:138-154
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Burke, Qing L. & Wang, Mengying & Xu, Xiaolu, 2020. "How does international trade affect U.S. corporate investment? Evidence from the asset tangibility channel," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 41-54.
    2. Matt Glendening & Inder K. Khurana & Wei Wang, 2016. "The market for corporate control and dividend policies: Cross-country evidence from M&A laws," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 47(9), pages 1106-1134, December.
    3. Booth, Laurence & Wang, Mengying & Zhou, Jun, 2019. "Import competition and financial flexibility: Evidence from corporate payout policy," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 382-396.
    4. Debasis Pahi & Inder Sekhar Yadav, 2022. "Product market competition, agency cost and dividend payouts: new evidence from emerging market," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 26(3), pages 925-956, September.
    5. Sun, Liang & Yu, Huaibing, 2022. "The effects of busy board on firm’s probability to pay dividends," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    6. Mohammad M Rahaman, 2016. "Chinese import competition and the provisions for external debt financing in the US," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 47(8), pages 898-928, October.
    7. Erkan, Asligul & Fainshmidt, Stav & Judge, William Q., 2016. "Variance decomposition of the country, industry, firm, and firm-year effects on dividend policy," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 25(6), pages 1309-1320.
    8. R. Jared DeLisle & Mengying Wang & H. Zafer Yüksel & Gulnara R. Zaynutdinova, 2024. "The effects of import competition on domestic financial markets: The role of limits-to-arbitrage," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 55(2), pages 212-234, March.
    9. Katarzyna Platt, 2020. "Corporate Bonds And Product Market Competition," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 43(3), pages 615-647, August.
    10. Enrico Onali, 2014. "Moral Hazard, Dividends, and Risk in Banks," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(1-2), pages 128-155, January.
    11. Qianqian Huang & Ryoonhee Kim, 2019. "Capital structure decisions along the supply chain: Evidence from import competition," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 50(6), pages 873-894, August.
    12. Choi, Yohan & Cho, Sam Yul, 2024. "The effect of foreign competition on firm risk-taking: Evidence from tariff reduction," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    13. Merchan Alvarez, Federico Alberto, 2023. "Export impact on dividend policy for big Colombian exporting firms, 2006-2014," Kiel Working Papers 2243, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    14. Umar FAROOQ, 2023. "Trade Liberalization and Real Sector Investment Decisions: A Panel Data Evidence from Selected Economies of Asia," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(2), pages 52-71, June.
    15. Jaehee Gim & SooCheong Jang, 2024. "The determinants of aggressive share buybacks: An empirical examination of U.S. publicly traded restaurant firms," Tourism Economics, , vol. 30(1), pages 132-151, February.
    16. Qing L. Burke & Tim V. Eaton & Mengying Wang, 2019. "Trade liberalization and conditional accounting conservatism: evidence from import competition," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 53(3), pages 811-844, October.
    17. Zhiqi Chen & Xiaoqiao Wang, 2020. "Specific investment, supplier vulnerability and profit risks," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(9-10), pages 1215-1237, October.
    18. Li, Rui & Wan, Chi & Wang, Mengying, 2018. "U.S. corporate investment and foreign penetration: Imports and inward foreign direct investment," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 124-144.
    19. Amin, Abu S. & Dutta, Shantanu & Saadi, Samir & Vora, Premal P., 2015. "Institutional shareholding and information content of dividend surprises: Re-examining the dynamics in dividend-reappearance era," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 152-170.
    20. Booth, Laurence & Zhou, Jun, 2017. "Dividend policy: A selective review of results from around the world," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 1-15.

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